Epigenetic Mechanisms Involved in HCV-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).
Epigenetic Mechanisms Involved in HCV-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC).
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DOI：
10.3389/fonc.2021.677926
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Xing S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao P;Malik S;Xing S
肝细胞癌（HCC）是第三大癌症相关死亡原因，主要由病毒感染引起。大约80%的病毒感染者发展为慢性感染，最终导致肝硬化和肝细胞癌（HCC）。全世界约有7100万HCV慢性感染患者，他们在不久的将来仍然有很高的HCC风险。然而，慢性HCV感染的致癌机制尚未完全阐明，其涉及复杂的表观遗传调控和细胞信号通路。在这里，我们总结了18个特定的基因靶点和不同的信号通路参与最近的发现。由于这些表观遗传学改变需要组蛋白修饰和这些特定基因的DNA超甲基化或低甲基化，基因表达的失调也与HCV生命周期和HCC的不同信号通路相关。这些发现为HCV感染和HCC肿瘤发生之间的相关性以及潜在的可预防方法提供了新的见解。丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染在很大程度上导致全世界范围内的肝细胞癌（HCC），每年诊断出300万至400万新感染病例。因此，研究其分子机制，为临床治疗和生物标志物的发现提供理论依据。然而，慢性HCV感染的致癌机制尚未完全阐明，其涉及复杂的表观遗传调控和细胞信号通路。在这里，我们总结了18个特定的基因靶点和不同的信号通路参与最近的发现。由于这些表观遗传学改变需要组蛋白修饰和这些特定基因的DNA超甲基化或低甲基化，基因表达的失调也与HCV生命周期和HCC的不同信号通路相关。这些发现为HCV感染和HCC肿瘤发生之间的相关性以及潜在的可预防方法提供了新的见解。
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths, which is largely caused by virus infection. About 80% of the virus-infected people develop a chronic infection that eventually leads to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). With approximately 71 million HCV chronic infected patients worldwide, they still have a high risk of HCC in the near future. However, the mechanisms of carcinogenesis in chronic HCV infection have not been still fully understood, which involve a complex epigenetic regulation and cellular signaling pathways. Here, we summarize 18 specific gene targets and different signaling pathways involved in recent findings. With these epigenetic alterations requiring histone modifications and DNA hyper or hypo-methylation of these specific genes, the dysregulation of gene expression is also associated with different signaling pathways for the HCV life cycle and HCC. These findings provide a novel insight into a correlation between HCV infection and HCC tumorigenesis, as well as potentially preventable approaches. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection largely causes hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide with 3 to 4 million newly infected cases diagnosed each year. It is urgent to explore its underlying molecular mechanisms for therapeutic treatment and biomarker discovery. However, the mechanisms of carcinogenesis in chronic HCV infection have not been still fully understood, which involve a complex epigenetic regulation and cellular signaling pathways. Here, we summarize 18 specific gene targets and different signaling pathways involved in recent findings. With these epigenetic alterations requiring histone modifications and DNA hyper or hypo-methylation of these specific genes, the dysregulation of gene expression is also associated with different signaling pathways for the HCV life cycle and HCC. These findings provide a novel insight into a correlation between HCV infection and HCC tumorigenesis, as well as potentially preventable approaches.
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