Spatial distribution of cellular protein binding to retinoic acid in the chick limb bud
Spatial distribution of cellular protein binding to retinoic acid in the chick limb bud
复制标题
雏鸡肢芽中与视黄酸结合的细胞蛋白的空间分布
作者：
M. Maden;D. Ong;D. Summerbell;F. Chytil
视黄酸可能是用于在小鸡肢芽中产生数字图案的天然形态发生素1。有人提出，视黄酸通过与细胞视黄酸结合蛋白 (CRABP) 结合然后进入细胞核来改变基因活性模式发挥作用2,3。结合视黄酸和 DNA 且类似于类固醇受体的高亲和力受体已被鉴定4-7。但肢体中内源性视黄酸的浓度8和核受体的结合系数5表明它们在整个肢体中处于饱和状态。在这里，我们研究了发育中的雏鸡肢芽中的 CRABP 分布。我们发现 CRABP 在尖端形态发生活动强烈的区域，在前后轴上有差异分布，最高点位于前缘。视黄酸也在肢芽上形成浓度梯度，但在后侧最高8。我们认为 CRABP 可以将到达细胞核的视黄酸的有效浓度降低到适合基因转录差异调节的水平，为数字形成提供空间调制的形态发生信息梯度。
Retinoic acid may be the natural morphogen used to generate digit pattern in the chick limb bud1. It has been proposed that retinoic acid acts by binding to a cellular retinoic acid-binding protein (CRABP) and then entering the nucleus to alter the pattern of gene activity2,3. High-affinity receptors that bind both retinoic acid and DNA and are analogous to the steroid receptors have been identified4–7. But the concentration of endogenous retinoic acid in the limb8 and the binding coefficient of the nuclear receptors5 indicate that they are saturated throughout the limb. Here we investigate the CRABP distribution in the developing chick limb bud. We find CRABP in the area of intense morphogenetic activity at the tip, with a differential distribution across the anteroposterior axis, the high point being at the anterior margin. Retinoic acid also forms a concentration gradient across the limb bud, but is highest on the posterior side8. We propose that CRABP could be reducing the effective concentration of retinoic acid reaching the nucleus to a level appropriate for the differential regulation of gene transcription, providing a spatially modulated morphogenetic gradient of information for digit formation.
细胞视黄醇结合蛋白和细胞视黄酸结合蛋白在大鼠睾丸和附睾中的定位。
影响因子：
--
作者：
Porter,SB;Ong,DE;Chytil,F;Orgebin-Crist,MC
通讯作者：
Orgebin-Crist,MC
将视黄酸从其与细胞视黄酸结合蛋白的复合物转移至细胞核。
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Takase,S;Ong,DE;Chytil,F
通讯作者：
Chytil,F