Household fuel use and pulmonary tuberculosis in western Nepal: A case-control study.
Household fuel use and pulmonary tuberculosis in western Nepal: A case-control study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2018.09.036
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发表时间：
2019-01
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Verma SC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bates MN;Pope K;Sijali TR;Pokhrel AK;Pillarisetti A;Lam NL;Verma SC
在包括尼泊尔在内的发展中国家广泛采用的固体燃料烹饪是否是肺结核 (PTB) 的危险因素尚不确定。流行病学研究产生了不同的结果。这项病例对照研究试图通过大样本量和基于人群的对照组来解决这个问题。 PTB 病例（N = 581），年龄 18 至 70 岁，是从尼泊尔卡斯基和邻近地区的诊断中心招募的。招募了基于人群的对照（N = 1,226）。先前被诊断患有结核病的人被排除在外。调查问卷是在参与者家中进行的。使用液化石油气 (LPG) 作为炉灶参考燃料，对于女性来说，拥有使用木材的主要炉灶的优势比 (OR) 为 0.21 (95% CI: 0.08,0.52)；对于男性，相应的 OR 为 0.80 (0.37, 1.74)。对于沼气，女性的 OR 为 0.24 (0.06,0.87)，男性的 OR 为 1.41 (0.61, 3.23)。意外发现，使用液化石油气炉灶的女性相对于燃木炉灶或沼气炉灶的风险更高，这可能是由于排除了既往结核病患者。一种可能的解释是，LPG 燃烧过程中形成的超细颗粒等排放物促进了先前未患过 PTB 的感染者出现 PTB。最初的 PTB 造成的损害使他们容易受到木材火灾产生的烟雾促进 PTB 的影响。需要进一步研究，排除以前患有结核病的参与者，以证实这些发现。所有炉灶、通风良好的厨房和高于地面的煤气炉在室外使用排气罩可以减少暴露。
Whether cooking with solid fuels, as occurs widely in developing countries, including Nepal, is a risk factor for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is uncertain. Epidemiologic studies have produced variable results. This case-control study sought to resolve this issue with a large sample size and a population-based control group. PTB cases (N = 581), aged 18 to 70 were recruited from diagnostic centers in Kaski and neighboring districts of Nepal. Population-based controls (N = 1,226) were recruited. Persons who had previously been diagnosed with TB were excluded. Questionnaires were administered at participants’ homes. Using liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) as the cookstove reference fuel, for women the odds ratio (OR) for having a primary cookstove that used wood was 0.21 (95% CI: 0.08,0.52); for men the corresponding OR was 0.80 (0.37, 1.74). For biogas, the OR for women was 0.24 (0.06,0.87) and for men, 1.41 (0.61, 3.23). The unexpected finding of a higher risk for women using LPG cookstoves, relative to wood or biogas-burning cookstoves, may be attributable to excluding persons with prior TB. A possible explanation is that emissions, such as ultrafine particles, formed during LPG combustion promote PTB manifestation in infected people who have not previously had PTB. The damage from the initial PTB leaves them susceptible to the PTB-promoting effects of smoke from wood fires. Further studies, excluding participants who have previously had TB are needed to confirm these findings. Use of exhaust hoods to the outdoors for all stoves, well-ventilated kitchens, and gas stoves raised above ground would reduce exposures.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Bates MN;Chandyo RK;Valentiner-Branth P;Pokhrel AK;Mathisen M;Basnet S;Shrestha PS;Strand TA;Smith KR
通讯作者：
Smith KR
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Lakshmi, P. V. M.;Virdi, Navkiran Kaur;Kumar, Rajesh
通讯作者：
Kumar, Rajesh
影响因子：
9.6
作者：
Mortimer, Kevin;Gordon, Stephen B.;Martin, William J., II
通讯作者：
Martin, William J., II
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Amegah AK;Quansah R;Jaakkola JJ
通讯作者：
Jaakkola JJ
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2013.0437
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
Esmail H;Barry CE 3rd;Young DB;Wilkinson RJ
通讯作者：
Wilkinson RJ