CLL cells are resistant to smac mimetics because of an inability to form a ripoptosome complex.

CLL cells are resistant to smac mimetics because of an inability to form a ripoptosome complex.
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DOI:
10.1038/cddis.2013.305
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发表时间:
2013-08-29
影响因子:
9
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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--
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在淋巴结 (LN) 环境中,与外周血 CLL 细胞相比,慢性淋巴细胞白血病 (CLL) 细胞表现出更高的 NF-κB 活性,这有助于化疗耐药。细胞凋亡蛋白抑制剂 (cIAP) 的拮抗剂可以以肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNFα) 依赖性方式诱导多种癌细胞凋亡,目前正处于临床前开发阶段。 Smac 模拟物促进 cIAP1 和 cIAP2 的降解,从而通过形成核糖体复合物导致 TNFR 介导的细胞凋亡,该复合物包含 RIPK1、具有死亡结构域的 Fas 相关蛋白、FLICE 样抑制蛋白和 caspase-8。体外 CLL 细胞的 CD40 刺激被用作模拟 LN 微环境的模型,并导致 NF-κB 激活和 TNFα 产生。在这项研究中,我们研究了 CLL 细胞在 CD40 刺激的情况下对 smac 模拟物的反应。我们发现用 smac-mimetics 处理会导致 cIAP1 和 cIAP2 降解,尽管产生了 TNFα,但这并没有诱导细胞凋亡。尽管存在所有成分,但在 CLL 细胞中进行 smac 模拟处理后,并没有形成核糖体复合物。因此,CLL 细胞似乎具有异常的上游 NF-κB 调节,可防止 IAP 降解时核糖体的形成。解开核糖体形成紊乱的确切分子机制可能为 CLL 的治疗提供新的靶点。
In the lymph node (LN) environment, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells display increased NF-κB activity compared with peripheral blood CLL cells, which contributes to chemoresistance. Antagonists of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (cIAPs) can induce apoptosis in various cancer cells in a tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα)-dependent manner and are in preclinical development. Smac-mimetics promote degradation of cIAP1 and cIAP2, which results in TNFR-mediated apoptosis via formation of a ripoptosome complex, comprising RIPK1, Fas-associated protein with death domain, FLICE-like inhibitory protein and caspase-8. CD40 stimulation of CLL cells in vitro is used as a model to mimic the LN microenvironment and results in NF-κB activation and TNFα production. In this study, we investigated the response of CLL cells to smac-mimetics in the context of CD40 stimulation. We found that treatment with smac-mimetics results in cIAP1 and cIAP2 degradation, yet although TNFα is produced, this did not induce apoptosis. Despite the presence of all components, the ripoptosome complex did not form upon smac-mimetic treatment in CLL cells. Thus, CLL cells seem to possess aberrant upstream NF-κB regulation that prevents ripoptosome formation upon IAP degradation. Unraveling the exact molecular mechanisms of disturbed ripoptosome formation may offer novel targets for treatment in CLL.
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