Minotaur is critical for primary piRNA biogenesis.
Minotaur is critical for primary piRNA biogenesis.
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DOI：
10.1261/rna.039669.113
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发表时间：
2013-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hannon GJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vagin VV;Yu Y;Jankowska A;Luo Y;Wasik KA;Malone CD;Harrison E;Rosebrock A;Wakimoto BT;Fagegaltier D;Muerdter F;Hannon GJ
皮尔纳生物发生在任何系统中仍然知之甚少。这篇论文提供的证据表明，甘油-3-磷酸O-乙酰基转移酶是果蝇中皮尔纳生物合成所需的一个意想不到的因子。重要的是，这种被作者命名为Minotaur的酶，当由于活性位点的突变而失去催化活性时，保留了皮尔纳生物合成的功能。Piwi蛋白及其相关的小RNA对动物的生育力至关重要。这部分是由于它们在保护生殖细胞基因组免受移动的遗传元件活动的作用。皮尔纳群体引导Piwi蛋白沉默转座子靶标，并因此形成区分转座子与内源基因的分子密码。最终由piRNA携带的信息在基因组基因座内编码，称为皮尔纳簇。这些产生长的单链初级转录物，其被加工成piRNA。尽管该途径具有生物学重要性，但将基因座定义为piRNA来源的特征和催化初级皮尔纳生物发生的机制都没有得到很好的理解。我们搜索了注释了皮尔纳途径中涉及的基因的生育表型的EMS突变体集合。27个纯合不育株表现出转座子沉默缺陷。其中一个强烈影响初级皮尔纳生物发生，在果蝇甘油-3-磷酸O-乙酰转移酶（GPAT）家族的成员CG 5508中具有因果突变。这些酶催化磷脂酸（PA）产生途径上的第一个酰化步骤。尽管这强烈地指向皮尔纳途径中磷脂信号传导的功能，但缺乏GPAT活性位点的CG 5508的突变形式仍然在皮尔纳生物发生中起作用。我们将这种新的生物合成因子命名为牛头怪。
piRNA biogenesis remains poorly understood in any system. This paper provides evidence that glycerol-3-phosphate O-acetyltransferase is an unexpected factor required for piRNA biogenesis in Drosophila. Importantly, this enzyme, named Minotaur by the authors, when catalytically inactive due to mutations in the active site, retains function in piRNA biogenesis. Piwi proteins and their associated small RNAs are essential for fertility in animals. In part, this is due to their roles in guarding germ cell genomes against the activity of mobile genetic elements. piRNA populations direct Piwi proteins to silence transposon targets and, as such, form a molecular code that discriminates transposons from endogenous genes. Information ultimately carried by piRNAs is encoded within genomic loci, termed piRNA clusters. These give rise to long, single-stranded, primary transcripts that are processed into piRNAs. Despite the biological importance of this pathway, neither the characteristics that define a locus as a source of piRNAs nor the mechanisms that catalyze primary piRNA biogenesis are well understood. We searched an EMS-mutant collection annotated for fertility phenotypes for genes involved in the piRNA pathway. Twenty-seven homozygous sterile strains showed transposon-silencing defects. One of these, which strongly impacted primary piRNA biogenesis, harbored a causal mutation in CG5508, a member of the Drosophila glycerol-3-phosphate O-acetyltransferase (GPAT) family. These enzymes catalyze the first acylation step on the path to the production of phosphatidic acid (PA). Though this pointed strongly to a function for phospholipid signaling in the piRNA pathway, a mutant form of CG5508, which lacks the GPAT active site, still functions in piRNA biogenesis. We have named this new biogenesis factor Minotaur.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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