Structural stigma: Research evidence and implications for psychological science.
Structural stigma: Research evidence and implications for psychological science.
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DOI：
10.1037/amp0000068
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发表时间：
2016-11
影响因子：
16.4
通讯作者：
Hatzenbuehler, Mark L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hatzenbuehler, Mark L.
心理学研究为污名化如何使被污名化的人处于不利地位提供了重要的见解，同时，污名化研究也受到批评，因为它过于关注被污名化个人的看法和微观层面的互动，而不是关注污名化的结构形式。本文介绍了相对较新的研究领域的结构性污名，这是被定义为社会层面的条件，文化规范和制度政策，限制的机会，资源和福祉的污名。我回顾了新出现的证据，即与精神疾病和性取向有关的结构性耻辱（1）对长期以来一直是心理学研究重点的耻辱过程产生直接和协同作用（例如，隐瞒，拒绝敏感性）;（2）作为心理干预的有效性的上下文调节器;（3）有助于许多不利的健康结果的成员的污名化群体-从失调的生理应激反应过早死亡-表明结构性耻辱代表了一个未被认识到的机制，产生健康不平等。这些证据都表明，结构性污名与心理学有关，因此值得有兴趣了解并最终减少污名负面影响的心理科学家的关注。
Psychological research has provided essential insights into how stigma operates to disadvantage those who are targeted by it. At the same time, stigma research has been criticized for being too focused on the perceptions of stigmatized individuals and on micro-level interactions, rather than attending to structural forms of stigma. This article describes the relatively new field of research on structural stigma, which is defined as societal-level conditions, cultural norms, and institutional policies that constrain the opportunities, resources, and wellbeing of the stigmatized. I review emerging evidence that structural stigma related to mental illness and sexual orientation (1) exerts direct and synergistic effects on stigma processes that have long been the focus of psychological inquiry (e.g., concealment, rejection sensitivity); (2) serves as a contextual moderator of the efficacy of psychological interventions; and (3) contributes to numerous adverse health outcomes for members of stigmatized groups—ranging from dysregulated physiological stress responses to premature mortality—indicating that structural stigma represents an under-recognized mechanism producing health inequalities. Each of these pieces of evidence suggests that structural stigma is relevant to psychology and therefore deserves the attention of psychological scientists interested in understanding and ultimately reducing the negative effects of stigma.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijintrel.2013.09.005
发表时间：
2013-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Berry, John W.
通讯作者：
Berry, John W.
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Hatzenbuehler, Mark L.;O'Cleirigh, Conall;Bradford, Judith
通讯作者：
Bradford, Judith
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
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通讯作者：
Ruesch, Nicolas
影响因子：
9.1
作者：
LINK, BG
通讯作者：
LINK, BG