Heart rate offset responses to visual stimuli in infants from 14 to 26 weeks of age.
Heart rate offset responses to visual stimuli in infants from 14 to 26 weeks of age.
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14 至 26 周龄婴儿的心率抵消了对视觉刺激的反应。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.1988.tb01243.x
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Richards,JE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richards,JE
对14周、20周和26周大的婴儿进行了横断面测试，研究了他们对视觉刺激的心率抵消反应。在实验1和实验2中，测量了每个婴儿在三种程序呈现的视觉刺激后的偏移反应。固定间隔法包括7个S的时长刺激呈现。婴儿控制方法包括刺激呈现，当婴儿将目光从他们身上移开时，刺激呈现就会终止。中断的刺激方法包括当婴儿将目光移开看向中断的次要刺激时终止的刺激呈现。在实验3中，将这些程序与两种程序进行比较，在两种程序中，刺激在心率减速或心率恢复到刺激前水平时终止。实验1的刺激为棋盘式刺激，实验2为复杂多变的刺激，实验3为电视刺激或头顶灯刺激，固定间隔法和婴儿控制法的偏移量反应相似，均为短暂的心率减速。心率反应的幅度一般很小(1.5到2 bpm)，最大的心率反应是4 bpm。在婴儿对照组和间断刺激和心率加速试验中，补偿前的心率反应相似，心率显示在受试者控制的注视终止之前恢复到刺激前水平。在5分钟基线内测量高水平呼吸性窦性心律失常(RSA)的婴儿显示出比低RSA婴儿更大的心率抵消反应。这些结果对索科洛夫定向反应模型中心率抵消反应的解释提出了质疑。然而，偏移量范式在研究受试者控制的注意过程中是有用的。
Heart rate offset responses to visual stimuli were studied in infants tested cross‐sectionally at 14, 20, and 26 weeks of age. In Experiments 1 and 2, offset responses were measured in each infant following visual stimuli presented with three procedures. The fixed interval method consisted of stimulus presentations of 7 s in duration. The infant control method consisted of stimulus presentations which were terminated when the infant looked away from them. The interrupted stimulus method consisted of stimulus presentations which were terminated when the infant looked away toward an interrupting, secondary stimulus. In Experiment 3 these procedures were compared with two procedures in which stimulus termination occurred at the point of heart rate deceleration or the return of heart rate toward prestimulus level. The stimuli in Experiment 1 were checkerboard patterns, in Experiment 2 were complex and varying stimuli, and in Experiment 3 were either TV stimuli or an overhead light.The offset responses were similar for the fixed interval and infant control methods, and consisted of brief heart rate decelerations. The magnitude of the heart rate response was generally small (1.5 to 2 bpm), with the largest heart rate response being 4 bpm. The pre‐offset heart rate response was similar for the infant control and interrupted stimulus and heart rate acceleration trials, with heart rate showing a return to prestimulus levels immediately preceding subject‐controlled fixation termination. Infants with high levels of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) measured during a 5‐min baseline showed larger heart rate offset responses than did low RSA infants. These results call into question the interpretation of heart rate offset responses in the context of Sokolov's model of the orienting response. However, the offset paradigm is useful in the study of subject‐controlled attention processes.
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