A defensin-like protein drives cadmium efflux and allocation in rice.

A defensin-like protein drives cadmium efflux and allocation in rice.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41467-018-03088-0
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发表时间:
2018-02-13
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Gong JM
Gong JM
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Luo JS;Huang J;Zeng DL;Peng JS;Zhang GB;Ma HL;Guan Y;Yi HY;Fu YL;Han B;Lin HX;Qian Q;Gong JM

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重金属污染限制了可用于种植粮食作物的土地面积。这一问题的一个潜在解决方案可能在于对粮食作物进行分子育种,以进行植物修复,在生产安全和营养的谷物的同时在秸秆中积累有毒金属。在这里,我们确定了一个水稻数量性状位点,我们命名为镉(Cd)积累在叶1(CAL 1),它编码的防御素样蛋白。CAL 1在根的外皮层和木质部薄壁细胞中优先表达。我们提供的证据表明,CAL 1的行为螯合镉在胞质溶胶和促进镉分泌到细胞外空间,从而降低胞质镉浓度,同时驱动长距离镉运输通过木质部导管。CAL 1似乎不影响水稻籽粒中Cd的积累或其他必需金属的积累,从而提供了一个有效的分子工具,培育双功能水稻品种,生产安全的谷物,同时修复水稻土。将重金属分配给叶子而不是谷物的作物可以允许对污染土壤进行植物修复,同时生产安全食用的食物。在这里,作者表明,一种防御素样蛋白促进镉从水稻细胞分泌并分配到叶片,而不会引起谷物中的积累。
Pollution by heavy metals limits the area of land available for cultivation of food crops. A potential solution to this problem might lie in the molecular breeding of food crops for phytoremediation that accumulate toxic metals in straw while producing safe and nutritious grains. Here, we identify a rice quantitative trait locus we name cadmium (Cd) accumulation in leaf 1 (CAL1), which encodes a defensin-like protein. CAL1 is expressed preferentially in root exodermis and xylem parenchyma cells. We provide evidence that CAL1 acts by chelating Cd in the cytosol and facilitating Cd secretion to extracellular spaces, hence lowering cytosolic Cd concentration while driving long-distance Cd transport via xylem vessels. CAL1 does not appear to affect Cd accumulation in rice grains or the accumulation of other essential metals, thus providing an efficient molecular tool to breed dual-function rice varieties that produce safe grains while remediating paddy soils. Crops that allocate heavy metals to leaves rather than grains could allow phytoremediation of polluted soil while producing food that is safe to eat. Here, the authors show that a defensin-like protein promotes cadmium secretion from rice cells and allocation to leaves without causing accumulation in grain.
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