Volitional control of neural activity relies on the natural motor repertoire.

Volitional control of neural activity relies on the natural motor repertoire.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cub.2013.01.027
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发表时间:
2013-03-04
期刊:
影响因子:
9.2
通讯作者:
Andersen, Richard A.
Andersen, Richard A.
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Hwang, Eun Jung;Bailey, Paul M.;Andersen, Richard A.

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最近的脑机接口(BMI)研究结果表明,使用个体神经元活动和BMI运动之间的简单任意关系可能比神经元活动和自然运动之间观察到的复杂关系更有效。这个想法是基于这样一个假设,即单个神经元可以独立地被调节,而不管它们的自然运动关联。我们在顶叶到达区域(PRR)中测试了这一假设,这是BMI的一个重要候选区域,其中神经元对到达运动的目标位置进行编码。猴子可以学会引出任意分配的活动模式,但看似任意的模式总是属于自然的伸展运动的反应集。此外,没有条件反射的神经元表现出与条件反射神经元相关的反应,就好像它们编码了共同的到达目标。因此,学习是通过寻找到达目标(PRR神经元的内在变量),达到规划的自然反应可以近似的任意模式。我们的研究结果表明,动物学习意志控制单神经元活动PRR优先探索和利用他们的自然运动剧目。因此,为了获得最佳性能,在PRR中利用神经信号的BMI应该利用而不是忽视自然感觉运动库中的活动模式。
The results from recent brain machine interface (BMI) studies suggest that it may be more efficient to use simple arbitrary relationships between individual neuron activity and BMI movements than the complex relationship observed between neuron activity and natural movements. This idea is based on the assumption that individual neurons can be conditioned independently regardless of their natural movement association. We tested this assumption in the parietal reach region (PRR), an important candidate area for BMIs in which neurons encode the target location for reaching movements. Monkeys could learn to elicit arbitrarily assigned activity patterns, but the seemingly arbitrary patterns always belonged to the response set for natural reaching movements. Moreover, neurons that are free from conditioning showed correlated responses with the conditioned neurons as if they encoded common reach targets. Thus, learning was accomplished by finding reach targets (intrinsic variable of PRR neurons) for which the natural response of reach planning could approximate the arbitrary patterns. Our results suggest that animals learn to volitionally control single neuron activity in PRR by preferentially exploring and exploiting their natural movement repertoire. Thus, for optimal performance, BMIs utilizing neural signals in PRR should harness, not disregard, the activity patterns in the natural sensorimotor repertoire.
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