Graft-versus-host disease biomarkers: omics and personalized medicine.

Graft-versus-host disease biomarkers: omics and personalized medicine.
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DOI:
10.1007/s12185-013-1406-9
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发表时间:
2013-09
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Mumaw, Christy
Mumaw, Christy
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Paczesny, Sophie;Raiker, Nisha;Brooks, Sam;Mumaw, Christy

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异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)是迄今为止最有效的肿瘤免疫治疗形式,移植频率在全球范围内持续增加。然而,虽然allo-HSCT通常诱导有益的移植物抗白血病(GVL)效应,但allo-HSCT后发病率和死亡率的主要来源是移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)。目前可用的诊断和分期工具经常无法识别那些GVHD发病率,治疗无反应性和死亡的高风险。此外,在GVHD临床体征发展之前,患者的风险分层存在缺陷。与此同时,近年来的特点是组学技术的爆炸性发展,主要是由于化学,工程和生物信息学的技术进步。基于这些机会,血浆生物标志物已被鉴定和验证为有前途的急性GVHD诊断和预后工具。本综述总结了目前关于GVHD生物标志物类型的信息,用于识别它们的组学工具,目前被验证为急性GVHD标志物的生物标志物,以及将来将生物标志物纳入新的分级算法以用于对患者进行风险分层和创建更个性化的治疗课程的建议。未来的方向将包括在多中心前瞻性研究中对这些生物标志物进行随机评价,同时扩展对慢性GVHD生物标志物的需求。
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is the most effective form of tumor immunotherapy available to date and the frequency of transplants continues to increase worldwide. However, while allo-HSCT usually induces a beneficial graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect, a major source of morbidity and mortality following allo-HSCT is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Currently available diagnostic and staging tools frequently fail to identify those at higher risk for GVHD morbidity, treatment unresponsiveness, and death. Furthermore, there are shortcomings in the risk stratification of patients before GVHD clinical signs develop. In parallel, recent years have been characterized by an explosive evolution of omics technologies, largely due to technological advancements in chemistry, engineering, and bioinformatics. Building on these opportunities, plasma biomarkers have been identified and validated as promising diagnostic and prognostic tools for acute GVHD. This review summarizes current information on the types of GVHD biomarkers, the omics tools used to identify them, the biomarkers currently validated as acute GVHD markers, and future recommendations for incorporating biomarkers into new grading algorithms for risk-stratifying patients and creating more personalized treatment courses. Future directions will include randomized evaluations of these biomarkers in multicenter prospective studies while extending on the need for biomarkers of chronic GVHD.
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