Homeostatic maintenance of T cells and natural killer cells.

Homeostatic maintenance of T cells and natural killer cells.
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T细胞和天然杀伤细胞的稳态维护。

DOI:
10.1007/s00018-012-0968-7
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发表时间:
2012-05
影响因子:
8
通讯作者:
Sprent, Jonathan
Sprent, Jonathan
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Boyman, Onur;Krieg, Carsten;Homann, Dirk;Sprent, Jonathan

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免疫系统中的稳态包括控制维持功能性和多样性淋巴细胞库的机制,从而保证对病原体的免疫力,同时保持自身耐受。抗原初始T细胞依赖于通过与自身肽负载的主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)分子和白细胞介素(IL)-7接触的生存信号。相反,抗原经历的(记忆)T细胞通常是MHC非依赖性的,并且它们通过与IL-7和IL-15两者接触而存活并经历周期性稳态增殖。此外,非常规γδ T细胞依赖于IL-7和IL-15的混合物来实现其稳态,而自然杀伤细胞主要依赖于与IL-15的接触。CD 4+调节性T细胞的稳态不同之处在于主要通过与IL-2接触来调节。值得注意的是,这些细胞因子水平的增加引起应答性淋巴细胞的扩增,如在淋巴细胞减少的宿主中或在细胞因子注射后发现的,而细胞因子水平的降低引起细胞数量的下降。
Homeostasis in the immune system encompasses the mechanisms governing maintenance of a functional and diverse pool of lymphocytes, thus guaranteeing immunity to pathogens while remaining self-tolerant. Antigen-naïve T cells rely on survival signals through contact with self-peptide-loaded major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules plus interleukin (IL)-7. Conversely, antigen-experienced (memory) T cells are typically MHC-independent and they survive and undergo periodic homeostatic proliferation through contact with both IL-7 and IL-15. Also, non-conventional γδ T cells rely on a mix of IL-7 and IL-15 for their homeostasis, whereas natural killer cells are mainly dependent on contact with IL-15. Homeostasis of CD4+ T regulatory cells is different in being chiefly regulated by contact with IL-2. Notably, increased levels of these cytokines cause expansion of responsive lymphocytes, such as found in lymphopenic hosts or following cytokine injection, whereas reduced cytokine levels cause a decline in cell numbers.
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