Regulation of mRNA transport and translation in axons.
Regulation of mRNA transport and translation in axons.
复制标题
轴突中 mRNA 运输和翻译的调节。
DOI：
10.1007/400_2009_16
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Twiss,JefferyL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vuppalanchi,Deepika;Willis,DiannaE;Twiss,JefferyL
mrna进入轴突的运动是通过分子运动蛋白的活性，通过微管主动运输发生的。mrna被隔离成颗粒状颗粒，称为转运核糖核蛋白颗粒（RNPs），介导转运到轴突室。mRNA结合蛋白与靶mRNA的相互作用是调控轴突mRNA定位和随后mRNA本地化翻译的关键事件。几种生长调节刺激已被证明可以调节轴突mRNA的定位。这是通过激活特定的细胞内信号通路来实现的，这些信号通路聚集在RNA结合蛋白和运输RNP的其他成分上，以特异性调节其活性。转运可以通过个体刺激对单个mrna进行正向和负向调节。因此，在调节轴突的mrna和控制轴突表达的蛋白质的组成方面存在着微妙的特异性。最后，最近的研究表明，通过特异性地改变转运到远端轴突的mRNA群体，轴突切开法也可以触发轴突mRNA组成的变化。
Movement of mRNAs into axons occurs by active transport by microtubules through the activity of molecular motor proteins. mRNAs are sequestered into granular-like particles, referred to as transport ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) that mediate transport into the axonal compartment. The interaction of mRNA binding proteins with targeted mRNA is a key event in regulating axonal mRNA localization and subsequent localized translation of mRNAs. Several growth-modulating stimuli have been shown to regulate axonal mRNA localization. These do so by activating specific intracellular signaling pathways that converge upon RNA binding proteins and other components of the transport RNP to regulate their activity specifically. Transport can be both positively and negatively regulated by individual stimuli with regard to individual mRNAs. Consequently, there is exquisite specificity for regulating the axon’s composition of mRNAs and proteins that control expression in the axon. Finally, recent studies indicate that axotomy can also trigger changes in axonal mRNA composition by specifically shifting the populations of mRNAs that are transported into distal axons.
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