Language experienced in utero affects vowel perception after birth: a two-country study.
Language experienced in utero affects vowel perception after birth: a two-country study.
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DOI：
10.1111/apa.12098
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发表时间：
2013-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kuhl PK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moon C;Lagercrantz H;Kuhl PK
为了验证子宫内接触环境语言会在出生后不久改变语音感知的假设。这项涉及两个国家的研究旨在观察新生儿是否表现出产前学习能力，即他们如何对母语和另一种非母语中的一类元音作出反应，而不管婴儿有多少产后经验。在瑞典（n=40）和美国（n=40）进行了一项平衡实验，使用瑞典语和英语元音。新生儿（平均出生后年龄= 33小时）通过吮吸奶嘴来控制本地或非本地元音的音频呈现，他们吮吸奶嘴的次数被用来证明哪些元音吸引了他们的注意力。元音要么是英语的/i/，要么是瑞典语的/y/，以原型的形式加上原型的16个变体。土著和非土著婴儿的反应不同。正如预测的那样，婴儿对不熟悉的非母语语言的平均吮吸率更高。他们也更倾向于非本地原型。出生时间（范围：7-75小时）对结果没有影响。胎儿在子宫里所接触到的环境语言开始在语音层面上影响他们对母语的感知。这可以在出生后不久通过对熟悉元音和不熟悉元音的反应差异来衡量。
To test the hypothesis that exposure to ambient language in the womb alters phonetic perception shortly after birth. This two-country study aimed to see if neonates demonstrated prenatal learning by how they responded to vowels in a category from their native language and another nonnative language, regardless of how much postnatal experience the infants had. A counterbalanced experiment was conducted in Sweden (n=40) and the USA (n=40) using Swedish and English vowel sounds. The neonates (mean postnatal age = 33 hrs) controlled audio presentation of either native or nonnative vowels by sucking on a pacifier, with the number of times they sucked their pacifier being used to demonstrate what vowel sounds attracted their attention. The vowels were either the English /i/ or Swedish /y/ in the form of a prototype plus 16 variants of the prototype. The infants in the native and nonnative groups responded differently. As predicted, the infants responded to the unfamiliar nonnative language with higher mean sucks. They also sucked more to the nonnative prototype. Time since birth (range: 7–75 hours) did not affect the outcome. The ambient language to which foetuses are exposed in the womb starts to affect their perception of their native language at a phonetic level. This can be measured shortly after birth by differences in responding to familiar vs. unfamiliar vowels.
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