Soil erosion fluxes on the central Chinese Loess Plateau during CE 1811 to 1996 and the roles of monsoon storms and human activities
Soil erosion fluxes on the central Chinese Loess Plateau during CE 1811 to 1996 and the roles of monsoon storms and human activities
复制标题
1811年至1996年中国中部黄土高原土壤侵蚀通量及季风风暴和人类活动的作用
DOI：
10.1016/j.catena.2021.105148
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发表时间：
2021-05
期刊：
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Zhangdong Jin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiaqing Wang;Zhaosheng Wang;Jun Xiao;Maoyong He;Fei Zhang;Yanhui Pan;Yongxia Zhang;Zhangdong Jin
评价黄土高原水土保持60年来的效果，主要取决于对土壤侵蚀通量历史过程及其机制的认识。然而，由于缺乏理想的地质载体，人们对CLP的土壤侵蚀历史变化及其驱动因素知之甚少。合水水库是一个具有代表性的200年前形成的滑坡坝型水库，钻探了31.39 m长的沉积序列。根据X射线荧光岩心扫描仪的元素分布，HS序列由165个沉积对和56个年度冻融层组成。年平均产沙量（CSSY和ASSY）为1.28 × 104 t/km 2/yr，年平均产沙量为1.44 × 104 t/km 2。HS序列沉积于CE 1811-1996年，它是由多种方法交叉137 Cs活动，每年的冻融层，CSSY，最近的降雨记录，历史洪水指数等级。此外，在HS水库中产生沉积物的水文事件的阈值大于40 mm。结果表明，在1811年至1996年期间，有8个时期的高ASSY，尽管总的趋势是下降的，特别是在20世纪60年代以来的土壤和水管理的CLP。厄尔尼诺-南方涛动事件下季风风暴的年际变化是影响ASSY和HS地区风暴变化的主要因素。此外，政策、战争等人类活动也对该地区历史土壤侵蚀过程产生了重要影响。这些结果不仅揭示了近200年来青藏高原沟壑区土壤侵蚀通量及相应水文事件的历史变化规律，而且对不同驱动因子下的活动机制也有了更深入的认识。
Evaluating the effects of soil and water conservation on the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) during the past 60 years depends mainly on understanding the historical processes of soil erosion fluxes and their mechanism. However, little was known about the historical variation in soil erosion and its driving factors due to the lack of few ideal geological carriers on the CLP. A representative Heshui (HS) landslide-dammed reservoir that formed 200 years ago was drilled with a 31.39 m length sediment sequence. The HS sequence was composed of 165 deposition couplets with 56 annual freeze–thaw layers based on the elemental distributions by X-ray fluorescence core scanners. Mean couplet and annual specific sediment yields (CSSY and ASSY) were 1.44 × 104t/km2and 1.28 × 104t/km2/yr, respectively. The HS sequence was deposited over CE 1811–1996, which was dated by multi-methods crossing among137Cs activities, annual freeze–thaw layers, CSSY, recent rainfall records, and historical flood index grades. Besides, the threshold value of hydrological events that generated sediments in the HS reservoir was greater than 40 mm. As a result, there were eight periods of high ASSY between CE 1811 and 1996, although the total tendency of the ASSY was decreased, especially under the management of soil and water since the 1960s on the CLP. Interannual change of monsoon storms under El Niño-Southern Oscillation events was the primary factor affecting the variations in ASSY and storms in the HS region. Besides, human activities, such as policies and wars, also had significant influences on the historical soil erosion processes in this region. These results not only shed light on the historical changes in soil erosion fluxes and corresponding hydrological events during the past 200 years in the plateau-gully area of the CLP, but the active mechanisms under the different driving factors were also better understood.
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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