TOP1 modulation during melanoma progression and in adaptative resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors.

TOP1 modulation during melanoma progression and in adaptative resistance to BRAF and MEK inhibitors.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105911
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发表时间:
2021-11
影响因子:
9.3
通讯作者:
Maria-Engler SS
Maria-Engler SS
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Oliveira ÉA;Chauhan J;Silva JRD;Carvalho LADC;Dias D;Carvalho DG;Watanabe LRM;Rebecca VW;Mills G;Lu Y;da Silva ASF;Consolaro MEL;Herlyn M;Possik PA;Goding CR;Maria-Engler SS

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在黑色素瘤中,由于遗传、表观遗传和表型机制的组合,可能出现治疗抗性。由于其在DNA超螺旋松弛中的关键作用,TOP 1通常被认为是癌症中的重要化疗靶点。然而,TOP1的表达和活性在治疗敏感细胞类型与耐药细胞类型中可能如何不同尚不清楚。在这里,我们表明,TOP1表达增加转移性黑色素瘤,并与侵袭性基因表达签名。更具体地说,TOP1表达在MITF表达最低的细胞中最高,MITF是黑色素瘤生物学的关键调节因子。值得注意的是,TOP 1和DNA单链断裂修复基因在BRAFi和BRAFi/MEKi抗性细胞中下调,TOP 1抑制仅在BRAFi/MEKi抗性细胞中降低侵袭标志物。因此,我们显示了与TOP 1水平相关的三种不同表型:i)具有低TOP 1水平的非恶性细胞; ii)具有高TOP 1水平和高侵袭性的转移性细胞;以及iii)具有低TOP 1水平和高侵袭性的BRAFi和BRAFi/MEKi抗性细胞。总之,这些结果突出了TOP1在黑色素瘤进展和耐药性中的潜在作用。
In melanomas, therapy resistance can arise due to a combination of genetic, epigenetic and phenotypic mechanisms. Due to its crucial role in DNA supercoil relaxation, TOP1 is often considered an essential chemotherapeutic target in cancer. However, how TOP1 expression and activity might differ in therapy sensitive versus resistant cell types is unknown. Here we show that TOP1 expression is increased in metastatic melanoma and correlates with an invasive gene expression signature. More specifically, TOP1 expression is highest in cells with the lowest expression of MITF, a key regulator of melanoma biology. Notably, TOP1 and DNA Single-Strand Break Repair genes are downregulated in BRAFi- and BRAFi/MEKi-resistant cells and TOP1 inhibition decreases invasion markers only in BRAFi/MEKi-resistant cells. Thus, we show three different phenotypes related to TOP1 levels: i) non-malignant cells with low TOP1 levels; ii) metastatic cells with high TOP1 levels and high invasiveness; and iii) BRAFi- and BRAFi/MEKi-resistant cells with low TOP1 levels and high invasiveness. Together, these results highlight the potential role of TOP1 in melanoma progression and resistance.
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