Recent advances in sialic acid-focused glycomics.

Recent advances in sialic acid-focused glycomics.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jprot.2012.03.050
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发表时间:
2012-06-18
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Sun XL
Sun XL
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nie H;Li Y;Sun XL

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近年来出现的糖生物学、糖技术和糖组学已经阐明了碳水化合物在生物识别系统中的巨大作用。例如,作为糖缀合物(糖脂、糖蛋白和蛋白聚糖)存在的细胞表面碳水化合物在细胞间通讯、细胞增殖和分化、肿瘤转移、炎症反应或病毒感染中起着至关重要的作用。特别是唾液酸(SAs)作为细胞表面碳水化合物链末端残基,参与信号识别和与配体、抗体、酶和微生物的粘附。此外,血浆游离sa和唾液聚糖在疾病生物标志物发现方面显示出巨大的潜力。因此,开发高效的分析方法来研究sa和唾液聚糖的结构和功能是非常重要和迫切需要的。唾液聚糖和唾液聚糖的分析存在样本量小、结构复杂不稳定、混合物复杂等问题。然而,在过去的十年中,质谱与化学衍生和现代分离方法的结合已经成为一种强大而通用的技术,用于分析sa和唾液聚糖的结构。本文综述了近年来糖糖学研究的进展。特别强调了SAs和唾液聚糖的衍生化和捕获结合质谱分析。
Recent emergences of glycobiology, glycotechnology and glycomics have been clarifying enormous roles of carbohydrates in biological recognition systems. For example, cell surface carbohydrates existing as glycoconjugates (glycolipids, glycoproteins and proteoglycans) play crucial roles in cell-cell communication, cell proliferation and differentiation, tumor metastasis, inflammatory response or viral infection. In particular, sialic acids (SAs) existing as terminal residues in carbohydrate chains on cell surface are involved in signal recognition and adhesion to ligands, antibodies, enzymes and microbes. In addition, plasma free SAs and sialoglycans have shown great potential for disease biomarker discovery. Therefore, development of efficient analytical methods for structural and functional studies of SAs and sialylglycans are very important and highly demanded. The problems of SAs and sialylglycans analysis are vanishingly small sample amount, complicated and unstable structures, and complex mixtures. Nevertheless, in the past decade, mass spectrometry in combination with chemical derivatization and modern separation methodologies has become a powerful and versatile technique for structural analysis of SAs and sialylglycans. This review summarizes these recent advances in glycomic studies on SAs and sialylglycans. Specially, derivatization and capturing of SAs and sialylglycans combined with mass spectrometry analysis are highlighted.
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