The genetic structure and history of Africans and African Americans.
The genetic structure and history of Africans and African Americans.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.1172257
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发表时间:
2009-05-22
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Williams SM
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tishkoff SA;Reed FA;Friedlaender FR;Ehret C;Ranciaro A;Froment A;Hirbo JB;Awomoyi AA;Bodo JM;Doumbo O;Ibrahim M;Juma AT;Kotze MJ;Lema G;Moore JH;Mortensen H;Nyambo TB;Omar SA;Powell K;Pretorius GS;Smith MW;Thera MA;Wambebe C;Weber JL;Williams SM
Africa is the source of all modern humans, but characterization of genetic variation and of relationships among populations across the continent has been enigmatic. We studied 121 African populations, four African American populations, and 60 non-African populations for patterns of variation at 1327 nuclear microsatellite and insertion/deletion markers. We identified 14 ancestral population clusters in Africa that correlate with self-described ethnicity and shared cultural and/or linguistic properties. We observed high levels of mixed ancestry in most populations, reflecting historical migration events across the continent. Our data also provide evidence for shared ancestry among geographically diverse hunter-gatherer populations (Khoesan speakers and Pygmies). The ancestry of African Americans is predominantly from Niger-Kordofanian (~71%), European (~13%), and other African (~8%) populations, although admixture levels varied considerably among individuals. This study helps tease apart the complex evolutionary history of Africans and African Americans, aiding both anthropological and genetic epidemiologic studies.
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通讯作者:
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