Progress on Optimizing Miscanthus Biomass Production for the European Bioeconomy: Results of the EU FP7 Project OPTIMISC.
Progress on Optimizing Miscanthus Biomass Production for the European Bioeconomy: Results of the EU FP7 Project OPTIMISC.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2016.01620
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Kalinina O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lewandowski I;Clifton-Brown J;Trindade LM;van der Linden GC;Schwarz KU;Müller-Sämann K;Anisimov A;Chen CL;Dolstra O;Donnison IS;Farrar K;Fonteyne S;Harding G;Hastings A;Huxley LM;Iqbal Y;Khokhlov N;Kiesel A;Lootens P;Meyer H;Mos M;Muylle H;Nunn C;Özgüven M;Roldán-Ruiz I;Schüle H;Tarakanov I;van der Weijde T;Wagner M;Xi Q;Kalinina O
本文介绍了欧盟资助的研究项目OPTIMISC的完整结果，该项目研究了优化芒草生物质生产和使用的方法。通过在中欧、乌克兰、俄罗斯和中国的一系列气候和土壤环境中试验15种不同的种质类型，研究了芒属生物能源和生物产品链。在比利时的实验室和田间试验中测定了100种种质类型对干旱、盐碱和低温的非生物胁迫耐受性。在德国和英国的边缘站点的草地上的性能进行了评估的种质类型的一个小选择。测量了生物量产量和质量的基本生长性状，以提高区域对原料供应的估计。确定了几种潜在的高价值生物产品。综合结果为政策制定者、种植者和行业提供了建议。OPTIMISC在芒草生产方面取得的主要技术进展包括：（1）证明新杂交种的产量可以超过标准商业化种植的基因型Miscanthus x Lactaceus;（2）表征生理生长反应与地点内和地点之间的环境变化的相互作用;（3）生物量质量相关性状的量化;（4）芒草基因型的非生物胁迫耐受性;（5）研究芒草的生物学特性。（5）适合在边际土地上生产的选择;（6）使用穴盘的种子的田间建立方法;（7）收获方法的评价;和（8）用一系列具有茎壁特性差异的杂交种对致密化（颗粒）技术中使用的能量进行量化。通过展示优化芒草生物质成分以生产乙醇和沼气以及用于燃烧的潜力，满足了最终用户的需求。对包括小型和大型热电、乙醇、沼气和绝缘材料生产在内的七个基于混合燃料的价值链进行的成本和生命周期评估显示，温室气体排放和化石能源节约潜力分别高达30.6吨CO2 eq C ha− 1 y −1和429 GJ ha− 1 y −1。运输距离被认为是一个重要的成本因素。当地生物质利用的碳减排成本为负78 € t-1 CO2 eq C。OPTIMISC的结果表明，芒草作为边缘地区作物的潜力，并为基于芒草的价值链的商业实施提供信息和技术。
This paper describes the complete findings of the EU-funded research project OPTIMISC, which investigated methods to optimize the production and use of miscanthus biomass. Miscanthus bioenergy and bioproduct chains were investigated by trialing 15 diverse germplasm types in a range of climatic and soil environments across central Europe, Ukraine, Russia, and China. The abiotic stress tolerances of a wider panel of 100 germplasm types to drought, salinity, and low temperatures were measured in the laboratory and a field trial in Belgium. A small selection of germplasm types was evaluated for performance in grasslands on marginal sites in Germany and the UK. The growth traits underlying biomass yield and quality were measured to improve regional estimates of feedstock availability. Several potential high-value bioproducts were identified. The combined results provide recommendations to policymakers, growers and industry. The major technical advances in miscanthus production achieved by OPTIMISC include: (1) demonstration that novel hybrids can out-yield the standard commercially grown genotype Miscanthus x giganteus; (2) characterization of the interactions of physiological growth responses with environmental variation within and between sites; (3) quantification of biomass-quality-relevant traits; (4) abiotic stress tolerances of miscanthus genotypes; (5) selections suitable for production on marginal land; (6) field establishment methods for seeds using plugs; (7) evaluation of harvesting methods; and (8) quantification of energy used in densification (pellet) technologies with a range of hybrids with differences in stem wall properties. End-user needs were addressed by demonstrating the potential of optimizing miscanthus biomass composition for the production of ethanol and biogas as well as for combustion. The costs and life-cycle assessment of seven miscanthus-based value chains, including small- and large-scale heat and power, ethanol, biogas, and insulation material production, revealed GHG-emission- and fossil-energy-saving potentials of up to 30.6 t CO2eq C ha−1y−1 and 429 GJ ha−1y−1, respectively. Transport distance was identified as an important cost factor. Negative carbon mitigation costs of –78€ t−1 CO2eq C were recorded for local biomass use. The OPTIMISC results demonstrate the potential of miscanthus as a crop for marginal sites and provide information and technologies for the commercial implementation of miscanthus-based value chains.
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影响因子：
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