Older adults mount less durable humoral responses to two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, but strong initial responses to a third dose
Older adults mount less durable humoral responses to two doses of COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, but strong initial responses to a third dose
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老年人对两剂 COVID-19 mRNA 疫苗的持久体液反应较弱，但对第三剂疫苗的初步反应强烈
DOI：
10.1101/2022.01.06.22268745
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Brockman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Mwimanzi;H. Lapointe;P. Cheung;Yurou Sang;F. Yaseen;G. Umviligihozo;R. Kalikawe;Sneha Datwani;F. H. Omondi;L. Burns;L. Young;V. Leung;O. Agafitei;S. Ennis;W. Dong;Simran Basra;L. Y. Lim;Kurtis Ng;R. Pantophlet;C. Brumme;J. Montaner;N. Prystajecky;C. Lowe;Mari L. DeMarco;D. Holmes;J. Simons;M. Niikura;M. Romney;Z. Brumme;M. Brockman
背景两剂mRNA疫苗减少了COVID-19相关的住院和死亡率，但免疫保护随着时间的推移而下降。因此，现在建议接种第三剂疫苗，特别是老年人。我们在151名年龄从24岁到98岁的成年人中检查了两次疫苗接种后长达6个月的免疫应答持久性和第三次疫苗接种后的免疫原性。方法.在第二次给药后1个月、3个月和6个月，从81名医护人员（中位年龄41岁）、56名老年人（中位年龄78岁）和14名COVID-19恢复期个体（中位年龄48岁）中采集标本，在第三次给药后1个月，从15名HCW、28名老年人和3名恢复期个体中采集标本。使用商业免疫测定法定量SARS-CoV-2刺突受体结合域的结合抗体。使用SARS-CoV-2活感染试验评估病毒中和活性。结果与医护人员相比，老年人在第二次给药后1个月显示出约0.3 log 10低的峰值结合抗体（p<0.0001），此后抗体下降速度略快（p=0.0067）。在校正年龄、社会人口因素和疫苗相关变量后，慢性健康状况的较高负担与抗体下降速度较快独立相关。第二次给药后一个月，老年人的峰值中和活性降低了4倍（p<0.0001），并且在大多数个体中六个月时检测不到。在第三次给药后一个月，医护人员和老年人的结合抗体和中和活性超过了两次给药后达到的峰值，这些组之间的差异不再具有统计学意义。与两个初始组相比，恢复期个体显示出较慢的结合抗体下降速率（p<0.006），并在第二次给药后6个月保持较高的中和活性。结论.与年轻人相比，老年人对两剂COVID-19 mRNA疫苗的免疫应答总体较弱，并且随着时间的推移下降得更快。第三剂COVID-19 mRNA疫苗将结合和中和抗体增强至高于两剂疫苗后观察到的水平，但应监测这些反应的下降速度，特别是在慢性健康状况负担较高的老年人中。
Background. Two-dose mRNA vaccines reduce COVID-19 related hospitalization and mortality, but immune protection declines over time. As such, third vaccine doses are now recommended, particularly for older adults. We examined immune response durability up to 6 months after two vaccine doses, and immunogenicity after a third vaccine dose, in 151 adults ranging in age from 24 to 98 years. Methods. Specimens were collected from 81 healthcare workers (median age 41 years), 56 older adults (median 78 years) and 14 COVID-19 convalescent individuals (median 48 years), at one, three and six months following the second dose, and from 15 HCW, 28 older adults and 3 convalescent individuals at one month following a third dose. Binding antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain were quantified using a commercial immunoassay. Virus neutralizing activity was assessed using a live SARS-CoV-2 infection assay. Results. Compared to healthcare workers, older adults displayed ~0.3 log10 lower peak binding antibodies one month after the second dose (p<0.0001) and modestly faster rates of antibody decline thereafter (p=0.0067). A higher burden of chronic health conditions was independently associated with faster rates of antibody decline after correction for age, sociodemographic factors, and vaccine-related variables. Peak neutralizing activity was 4-fold lower in older adults one month after the second dose (p<0.0001) and became undetectable in the majority of individuals by six months. One month after a third dose, binding antibodies and neutralizing activities surpassed peak values achieved after two doses in both healthcare workers and older adults, and differences between these groups were no longer statistically significant. Compared to both naive groups, convalescent individuals displayed slower rates of binding antibody decline (p<0.006) and maintained higher neutralizing activity six months after the second dose. Conclusions. Immune responses to two-dose COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are overall weaker in older adults, and also decline more quickly over time, compared to younger adults. A third COVID-19 mRNA vaccine dose enhanced binding and neutralizing antibodies to levels higher than those observed after two vaccine doses, but the rate of decline of these responses should be monitored, particularly in older adults with a higher burden of chronic health conditions.
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BNT162B2 mRNA COVID-19疫苗的安全性和功效。
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2034577
发表时间：
2020-12-31
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Polack FP;Thomas SJ;Kitchin N;Absalon J;Gurtman A;Lockhart S;Perez JL;Pérez Marc G;Moreira ED;Zerbini C;Bailey R;Swanson KA;Roychoudhury S;Koury K;Li P;Kalina WV;Cooper D;Frenck RW Jr;Hammitt LL;Türeci Ö;Nell H;Schaefer A;Ünal S;Tresnan DB;Mather S;Dormitzer PR;Şahin U;Jansen KU;Gruber WC;C4591001 Clinical Trial Group
通讯作者：
C4591001 Clinical Trial Group
DOI：
10.1056/nejmoa2035389
发表时间：
2021-02-04
期刊：
The New England journal of medicine
影响因子：
--
作者：
Baden LR;El Sahly HM;Essink B;Kotloff K;Frey S;Novak R;Diemert D;Spector SA;Rouphael N;Creech CB;McGettigan J;Khetan S;Segall N;Solis J;Brosz A;Fierro C;Schwartz H;Neuzil K;Corey L;Gilbert P;Janes H;Follmann D;Marovich M;Mascola J;Polakowski L;Ledgerwood J;Graham BS;Bennett H;Pajon R;Knightly C;Leav B;Deng W;Zhou H;Han S;Ivarsson M;Miller J;Zaks T;COVE Study Group
通讯作者：
COVE Study Group
影响因子：
24.8
作者：
Horiuchi, Shu;Oishi, Kohei;TenOever, Benjamin R.
通讯作者：
TenOever, Benjamin R.
DOI：
10.1126/science.abf4063
发表时间：
2021-02-05
期刊：
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Dan JM;Mateus J;Kato Y;Hastie KM;Yu ED;Faliti CE;Grifoni A;Ramirez SI;Haupt S;Frazier A;Nakao C;Rayaprolu V;Rawlings SA;Peters B;Krammer F;Simon V;Saphire EO;Smith DM;Weiskopf D;Sette A;Crotty S
通讯作者：
Crotty S