Protective and pathogenic functions of macrophage subsets.

Protective and pathogenic functions of macrophage subsets.
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DOI:
10.1038/nri3073
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发表时间:
2011-10-14
期刊:
Nature reviews. Immunology
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巨噬细胞战略性地位于整个身体组织中,在那里它们摄取和处理异物、死细胞和碎片,并响应炎症信号招募额外的巨噬细胞。它们是高度异质性的细胞,可以响应局部微环境信号迅速改变其功能。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了由巨噬细胞介导的有序炎症的四个阶段:组织招募;原位分化和激活;转化为抑制性细胞;恢复组织稳态。我们还讨论了各种巨噬细胞亚群在抗菌防御,抗肿瘤免疫反应,代谢和肥胖,过敏和哮喘,肿瘤发生,自身免疫,动脉粥样硬化,纤维化和伤口愈合的保护和致病功能。最后,我们简要讨论了人类巨噬细胞异质性的特征。
Macrophages are strategically located throughout the body tissues, where they ingest and process foreign materials, dead cells and debris and recruit additional macrophages in response to inflammatory signals. They are highly heterogeneous cells that can rapidly change their function in response to local microenvironmental signals. In this Review, we discuss the four stages of orderly inflammation mediated by macrophages: recruitment to tissues; differentiation and activation in situ; conversion to suppressive cells; and restoration of tissue homeostasis. We also discuss the protective and pathogenic functions of the various macrophage subsets in antimicrobial defence, antitumour immune responses, metabolism and obesity, allergy and asthma, tumorigenesis, autoimmunity, atherosclerosis, fibrosis and wound healing. Finally, we briefly discuss the characterization of macrophage heterogeneity in humans.
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