Extracellular Adhesive Cues Physically Define Nucleolar Structure and Function.

Extracellular Adhesive Cues Physically Define Nucleolar Structure and Function.
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DOI:
10.1002/advs.202105545
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发表时间:
2022-04
期刊:
Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Connelly JT
Connelly JT
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Pundel OJ;Blowes LM;Connelly JT

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来自细胞外基质 (ECM) 的粘附信号通过细胞骨架传递的机械力指定细胞核的大小和形状。然而,这些生物物理刺激对内部核结构和细胞反应的影响仍然知之甚少。本研究使用微图案基底研究了 ECM 粘附对人类角质形成细胞核仁重塑的直接影响。小微图案上的有限粘附促进核仁融合,同时减少核体积和异染色质浓缩。核仁结构的这些变化是由染色质生物力学改变介导的,并且取决于细胞核与肌动蛋白细胞骨架的整合。从功能上讲,核仁重塑调节角质形成细胞中的核糖生成和蛋白质合成,并与核糖生成基因的特定转录变化相关。总之,这些发现表明细胞形状和核形态控制核仁结构和功能,并表明核仁是细胞内关键的机械传感元件。这项研究为核仁重塑的生物力学调节提供了新的见解。作者证明,细胞外粘附信号通过核结构和染色质凝聚的物理调节来定义核仁的结构和功能。
Adhesive cues from the extracellular matrix (ECM) specify the size and shape of the nucleus via mechanical forces transmitted through the cytoskeleton. However, the effects of these biophysical stimuli on internal nuclear architecture and cellular responses remain poorly understood. This study investigates the direct impact of ECM adhesion on nucleolar remodeling in human keratinocytes using micropatterned substrates. Limited adhesion on small micropatterns promotes fusion of nucleoli, alongside a reduction in nuclear volume and condensation of heterochromatin. These changes in nucleolar architecture are mediated by altered chromatin biomechanics and depend on integration of the nucleus with the actin cytoskeleton. Functionally, nucleolar remodeling regulates ribogenesis and protein synthesis in keratinocytes and is associated with specific transcriptional changes in ribogenesis genes. Together, these findings demonstrate that cell shape and nuclear morphology control nucleolar structure and function and implicate the nucleolus as a key mechano‐sensing element within the cell. This study presents new insight into the biomechanical regulation of nucleolar remodeling. The authors demonstrate that extracellular adhesive cues define the structure and function of the nucleolus via physical regulation of nuclear architecture and chromatin condensation.
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