Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory Development.
Early Steps towards Hearing: Placodes and Sensory Development.
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DOI：
10.3390/ijms24086994
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发表时间：
2023-04-10
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Fritzsch, Bernd
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zine, Azel;Fritzsch, Bernd
感音神经性听力损失是人类最普遍的感觉缺陷。大多数听力损失的病例是由于耳蜗中感觉通路的关键结构的退化，例如感觉毛细胞、初级听觉神经元及其与毛细胞的突触连接。不同的基于细胞的策略，以取代受损的内耳神经感觉组织，旨在恢复再生或功能恢复是目前深入研究的主题。这些基于细胞的治疗方法中的大多数需要依赖于对最早的形态发生步骤的精细理解的实验性体外模型，所述最早的形态发生步骤是内耳自其从共同的耳上鳃领土的初始诱导以来的体内发育的基础。这些知识将应用于各种拟议的实验细胞替代策略，以解决感音神经性听力损失的可行性或确定新的治疗方案。在这篇综述中，我们描述了如何耳和上鳃基板的发展，可以通过专注于细胞的转变，发生的内耳是从增厚的表面外胚层旁边的后脑称为耳基板的耳囊嵌入在头部间充质转换recapitulated。最后，我们将强调耳和上鳃基板的发展和形态发生事件对内耳和他们的神经感觉细胞衍生物的祖细胞。
Sensorineural hearing loss is the most prevalent sensory deficit in humans. Most cases of hearing loss are due to the degeneration of key structures of the sensory pathway in the cochlea, such as the sensory hair cells, the primary auditory neurons, and their synaptic connection to the hair cells. Different cell-based strategies to replace damaged inner ear neurosensory tissue aiming at the restoration of regeneration or functional recovery are currently the subject of intensive research. Most of these cell-based treatment approaches require experimental in vitro models that rely on a fine understanding of the earliest morphogenetic steps that underlie the in vivo development of the inner ear since its initial induction from a common otic–epibranchial territory. This knowledge will be applied to various proposed experimental cell replacement strategies to either address the feasibility or identify novel therapeutic options for sensorineural hearing loss. In this review, we describe how ear and epibranchial placode development can be recapitulated by focusing on the cellular transformations that occur as the inner ear is converted from a thickening of the surface ectoderm next to the hindbrain known as the otic placode to an otocyst embedded in the head mesenchyme. Finally, we will highlight otic and epibranchial placode development and morphogenetic events towards progenitors of the inner ear and their neurosensory cell derivatives.
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3.3
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
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