Viral Particle-Mediated SAMHD1 Depletion Sensitizes Refractory Glioblastoma to DNA-Damaging Therapeutics by Impairing Homologous Recombination.

Viral Particle-Mediated SAMHD1 Depletion Sensitizes Refractory Glioblastoma to DNA-Damaging Therapeutics by Impairing Homologous Recombination.
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DOI:
10.3390/cancers14184490
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发表时间:
2022-09-16
期刊:
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
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胶质母细胞瘤 (GBM) 是一种致命且常见的原发性脑肿瘤,约占所有诊断出的恶性胶质瘤的 50%。尽管采用手术切除、随后进行 γ 照射 (IR) 和 DNA 烷化剂替莫唑胺 (TMZ) 等积极的标准护理治疗,GBM 患者的平均诊断后生存时间仍为 15 个月。这主要是由于获得性耐药和有限的治疗选择。含有无菌 α 基序和 HD 结构域的蛋白 1 (SAMHD1) 通过促进同源重组 (HR) 支持 DNA 双链断裂修复,并且可以通过病毒蛋白 X (Vpx) 靶向蛋白酶体降解。我们的目的是评估耗尽 SAMHD1 是否会使难治性 GBM 对 IR 和 TMZ 敏感,以及利用 Vpx 作为治疗工具的可能性。我们报告 SAMHD1 在 GBM 中高度表达。 Vpx 介导的 SAMHD1 耗竭会损害 HR 并使 GBM 细胞对 IR 和 TMZ 敏感。我们的发现证明了在 GBM 中使用 Vpx 靶向 SAMHD1 具有潜在的治疗益处。目前胶质母细胞瘤的标准护理治疗包括 DNA 损伤剂、γ 射线照射 (IR) 和替莫唑胺 (TMZ)。这些治疗经常失败,并且替代策略有限。因此,迫切需要确定新的治疗靶点,以制定提高现有治疗疗效的策略。在这里,我们报告 GBM 患者的肿瘤样本表达高水平的 SAMHD1,强调了 SAMHD1 的重要性。使用含有 Vpx、VLP(+Vpx) 的病毒样颗粒消除 SAMHD1,使两种独立的 GBM 细胞系(LN-229 和 U-87)对 veliparib(一种成熟的 PARP 抑制剂)敏感,并以剂量​​依赖性方式减慢细胞生长。在小鼠 GBM 异种移植模型中,Vpx 介导的 SAMHD1 耗竭减少了肿瘤生长,而 SAMHD1 敲除 (KO) 则提高了生存率。与 IR 或 TMZ 组合,SAMHD1 KO 和暴露于 50% 生长抑制剂量 (gID50) 的 VLP(+Vpx) 表现出协同作用,导致 HR 受损,并提高 LN-229 细胞对 TMZ 和 IR 的敏感性。总之,我们的发现表明 SAMHD1 促进 GBM 对治疗的耐药性,并且它是提高 TMZ 和 IR 对 GBM 疗效的合理治疗靶点。此外,我们表明 Vpx 可能是一种潜在的治疗工具,可用于消除 GBM 中的 SAMHD1。
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a lethal and common primary brain tumor that accounts for about 50% of all diagnosed malignant gliomas. Despite aggressive standard-of-care treatment of surgical resection followed by γ-irradiation (IR) and DNA alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ), the average post-diagnosis survival time for a GBM patient remains at 15 months. This is mainly due to acquired resistance and limited therapeutic options. Sterile alpha motif and HD domain-containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) supports DNA double-strand break repair by promoting homologous recombination (HR) and it can be targeted to proteasomal degradation by viral protein X (Vpx). We aim to evaluate whether depleting SAMHD1 sensitizes refractory GBM to IR and TMZ, and the possibility of utilizing Vpx as therapeutic tool. We report that SAMHD1 is highly expressed in GBM. Vpx-mediated SAMHD1 depletion impaired HR and sensitized GBM cells to IR and TMZ. Our finding demonstrates the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting SAMHD1 with Vpx in GBM. The current standard-of-care treatment for glioblastoma includes DNA damaging agents, γ-irradiation (IR) and temozolomide (TMZ). These treatments fail frequently and there is limited alternative strategy. Therefore, identifying a new therapeutic target is urgently needed to develop a strategy that improves the efficacy of the existing treatments. Here, we report that tumor samples from GBM patients express a high level of SAMHD1, emphasizing SAMHD1’s importance. The depletion of SAMHD1 using virus-like particles containing Vpx, VLP(+Vpx), sensitized two independent GBM cell lines (LN-229 and U-87) to veliparib, a well-established PARP inhibitor, and slowed cell growth in a dose-dependent manner. In the mouse GBM xenograft model, Vpx-mediated SAMHD1 depletion reduced tumor growth and SAMHD1 knockout (KO) improved survival. In combination with IR or TMZ, SAMHD1 KO and exposure to 50% growth inhibitory dose (gID50) of VLP(+Vpx) displayed a synergistic effect, resulting in impaired HR, and improved LN-229 cells’ sensitivity to TMZ and IR. In conclusion, our finding demonstrates that SAMHD1 promotes GBM resistance to treatment, and it is a plausible therapeutic target to improve the efficacy of TMZ and IR in GBM. Furthermore, we show that Vpx could be a potential therapeutic tool that can be utilized to deplete SAMHD1 in GBM.
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