Regulatory T-Cells as an Emerging Barrier to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Lung Cancer.

Regulatory T-Cells as an Emerging Barrier to Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Lung Cancer.
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DOI:
10.3389/fonc.2021.684098
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Munshi HG
Munshi HG
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Principe DR;Chiec L;Mohindra NA;Munshi HG

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近年来,免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)彻底改变了肺癌的治疗模式。这些策略包括针对免疫功能负调节因子的中和抗体,尤其是细胞毒性 T 淋巴细胞相关蛋白 4 (CTLA-4)、程序性细胞死亡蛋白 1 (PD-1) 和 PD-1 配体 1 (PD-L1),从而阻止肿瘤细胞逃避免疫监视的能力。尽管 ICI 已被证明在肺癌治疗方面取得了重大进展,但总体生存率仍然很低,并且肺癌仍然是美国癌症相关死亡的主要原因。因此,必须更好地了解 ICI 功效的障碍,特别是肺癌微环境中免疫抑制的其他机制。最近的证据表明,调节性 T 淋巴细胞 (Treg) 是肺癌免疫功能的中心介质,抑制绝育免疫并导致 ICI 的临床失败。在这里,我们全面总结了 Tregs 在肺癌病理学和治疗中的作用,以及克服这些免疫抑制机制的潜在手段。
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment paradigm for lung cancer in recent years. These strategies consist of neutralizing antibodies against negative regulators of immune function, most notably cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1), thereby impeding the ability of tumor cells to escape immune surveillance. Though ICIs have proven a significant advance in lung cancer therapy, overall survival rates remain low, and lung cancer continues to be the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. It is therefore imperative to better understand the barriers to the efficacy of ICIs, particularly additional mechanisms of immunosuppression within the lung cancer microenvironment. Recent evidence suggests that regulatory T-lymphocytes (Tregs) serve as a central mediator of immune function in lung cancer, suppressing sterilizing immunity and contributing to the clinical failure of ICIs. Here, we provide a comprehensive summary of the roles of Tregs in lung cancer pathobiology and therapy, as well as the potential means through which these immunosuppressive mechanisms can be overcome.
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