Summer runoff generation in foothill catchments of the Colorado Front Range
Summer runoff generation in foothill catchments of the Colorado Front Range
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科罗拉多弗兰特山脉山麓流域的夏季径流生成
DOI：
10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125672
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Barnard, Holly R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bukoski, Isaac S.;Murphy, Sheila F.;Birch, Andrew L.;Barnard, Holly R.
气候变化、干扰和土地利用变化可以改变水文流道、水质和下游社区的供水。先前对山区河流形成过程的研究主要集中在高海拔高山和亚高山流域；对低海拔山麓和山区集水区的这些过程了解较少。在这些低海拔的生态区域，降水季节性地从雪转变为雨，这可能导致不同的季节性流动路径。我们分析了2018年4月至8月科罗拉多前山脉三个小（小于10平方公里）山麓集水区和一个大（63.2平方公里）从山麓延伸到亚高山生态区的集水区的溪流电导率、SiO2、Ca、Mg、Na、Cl、SO4、K和溶解有机碳。利用两个端元水线分离和浓度-径流关系，我们推断了降水到河流的主要流域尺度流动路径。我们选择了不同土地利用的集水区来研究这些特征与水文流道之间的关系。我们观察到，随着季节径流的减少，三个山麓集水区的产岩成分浓度普遍增加，溶解有机碳含量减少，反映了从浅层地下流道到深层地下流道的转变。在我们研究的两个集水区中，低流量时期so4和Cl浓度升高表明，历史或当前的人为活动，如采矿、道路盐的使用和/或近流化粪池系统，影响了当地河流和地下水的化学性质。在具有人为和地质不透水表面的山麓集水区，与受干扰较小的邻近集水区相比，风暴响应期间的水流来自更快的地表流道，突出了人为土地利用对径流产生的影响。这项研究提供了对山麓集水区基本水文的深入了解，以及它们在未来如何随着人类发展、降水变化和干扰而发挥作用。
Climatic shifts, disturbances, and land-use change can alter hydrologic flowpaths, water quality, and water supply to downstream communities. Prior research investigating streamflow generation processes in mountainous areas has largely focused on high-elevation alpine and subalpine catchments; less is known about these processes in lower-elevation foothills and montane catchments. In these lower-elevation ecoregions, precipitation shifts seasonally from snow to rain, which can result in differing seasonal flowpaths. We analyzed stream water for electrical conductivity, SiO2, Ca, Mg, Na, Cl, SO4, K, and dissolved organic carbon on both a weekly and storm event basis from April to August 2018 in three small (<10 km2) foothill catchments, and one larger (63.2 km2) catchment extending from the foothills to the subalpine ecoregions, in the Colorado Front Range. Using two end-member hydrograph separations and concentration-runoff relationships, we inferred the dominant catchment-scale flowpaths of precipitation to the streams. We selected catchments with varying land use to investigate the relationship between these characteristics and hydrologic flowpaths. We observed that concentrations of lithogenic constituents generally increased and dissolved organic carbon decreased as seasonal runoff decreased in the three foothill catchments, reflecting a transition from shallow subsurface flowpaths to deeper subsurface flowpaths. Elevated SO4and Cl concentrations during low-flow periods in two of our catchments suggest that historical or current anthropogenic activities, such as mining, application of road salt, and/or near-stream septic systems, affect local stream and groundwater chemistry. In a foothill catchment with anthropogenic and geologic impervious surfaces, streamflow during storm responses was sourced from faster, surficial flowpaths compared to a less disturbed neighboring catchment, highlighting the influence of anthropogenic land-use on runoff generation. This study provides insight into the fundamental hydrology of foothill catchments and how they may function in the future with human development, precipitation shifts and disturbances.
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DOI：
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