Genetic Biomarkers on Age-Related Cognitive Decline.

Genetic Biomarkers on Age-Related Cognitive Decline.
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DOI:
10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00247
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发表时间:
2017
影响因子:
4.7
通讯作者:
Lane HY
Lane HY
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lin CH;Lin E;Lane HY

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随着老年人口的不断增加,与年龄相关的认知能力下降已成为一个巨大的公共卫生问题,其特征是在衰老过程中认知能力的逐渐下降。由于遗传信息在探索认知衰退的生物学机制中越来越重要,寻找认知衰老的遗传生物标志物受到了广泛关注。越来越多的证据表明,ADAMTS9、BDNF、CASS4、COMT、CR1、DNMT3A、DTNBP1、REST、SRR、TOMM40、生物钟和阿尔茨海默病相关基因中的单核苷酸多态性(snp)可能与认知衰老的易感性有关。在这篇综述中,我们首次在最近的研究中阐明了遗传对疾病易感性和年龄相关认知能力下降的影响,从候选基因的方法到全基因组关联研究。然后,我们调查了与年龄相关的认知衰退的各种关联研究,并考虑了基因-基因和基因-环境的相互作用。最后,我们强调了它们的局限性和未来发展方向。随着精准医学和多组学技术的进步,基因组医学的未来研究有望带来与疾病预防和认知衰老相关的创新理念和新药。
With ever-increasing elder populations, age-related cognitive decline, which is characterized as a gradual decline in cognitive capacity in the aging process, has turned out to be a mammoth public health concern. Since genetic information has become increasingly important to explore the biological mechanisms of cognitive decline, the search for genetic biomarkers of cognitive aging has received much attention. There is growing evidence that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the ADAMTS9, BDNF, CASS4, COMT, CR1, DNMT3A, DTNBP1, REST, SRR, TOMM40, circadian clock, and Alzheimer’s diseases-associated genes may contribute to susceptibility to cognitive aging. In this review, we first illustrated evidence of the genetic contribution to disease susceptibility to age-related cognitive decline in recent studies ranging from approaches of candidate genes to genome-wide association studies. We then surveyed a variety of association studies regarding age-related cognitive decline with consideration of gene–gene and gene–environment interactions. Finally, we highlighted their limitations and future directions. In light of advances in precision medicine and multi-omics technologies, future research in genomic medicine promises to lead to innovative ideas that are relevant to disease prevention and novel drugs for cognitive aging.
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