Home range utilisation and long-range movement of estuarine crocodiles during the breeding and nesting season.
Home range utilisation and long-range movement of estuarine crocodiles during the breeding and nesting season.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0062127
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Franklin CE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Campbell HA;Dwyer RG;Irwin TR;Franklin CE
河口鳄鱼（Crocodylus porosus）是东南亚和澳大拉西亚水道和海岸线上的顶级捕食者。C.多孔菌对人类构成潜在风险，因此实施管理策略以控制其移动和分布。在这里，我们使用基于GPS的遥测技术来准确地记录成年C的地理位置。在繁殖和筑巢的季节，本研究的目的是评估C.多孔菌的运动和分布可能受到局部社会条件的影响。在繁殖期间，雌性（2.92±0.013米总长度（TL），平均值± S.E.，n = 4）占据的区域<1公里长的河流，但他们的巢移动到54公里以外的繁殖区。 全部标记为男性C。在繁殖和筑巢期间，多孔菌持续高速率的运动（6.49±0.9 km d−1; n =8）。 的日常运动的方向不同的个人揭示两个不连续的行为策略。五个标记的男性C。porosus（4.17±0.14 m TL）表现出一种“站点-集群”的策略，并在明确界定的区域内移动的女性家庭范围内的地区。相比之下，三个男性（3.81±0.08米TL）表现出“游牧”的行为，他们不断旅行，通过数百公里的水道。我们认为，“site-professional”男性巡逻的女性家庭范围周围的领土，以最大限度地提高繁殖成功率，而“游牧”男性是从属动物，被迫在一个更大的范围内寻找无人看守的女性。结果表明，C.多孔动物是存在于复杂社会系统中的高度移动的动物，配偶/同种的相互作用可能对种群密度和分布以及个体的旅行潜力产生深远的影响。我们建议在实施管理干预措施之前考虑对社会空间行为的影响。
The estuarine crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) is the apex-predator in waterways and coastlines throughout south-east Asia and Australasia. C. porosus pose a potential risk to humans, and management strategies are implemented to control their movement and distribution. Here we used GPS-based telemetry to accurately record geographical location of adult C. porosus during the breeding and nesting season. The purpose of the study was to assess how C. porosus movement and distribution may be influenced by localised social conditions. During breeding, the females (2.92±0.013 metres total length (TL), mean ± S.E., n = 4) occupied an area<1 km length of river, but to nest they travelled up to 54 km away from the breeding area. All tagged male C. porosus sustained high rates of movement (6.49±0.9 km d−1; n = 8) during the breeding and nesting period. The orientation of the daily movements differed between individuals revealing two discontinuous behavioural strategies. Five tagged male C. porosus (4.17±0.14 m TL) exhibited a ‘site-fidelic’ strategy and moved within well-defined zones around the female home range areas. In contrast, three males (3.81±0.08 m TL) exhibited ‘nomadic’ behaviour where they travelled continually throughout hundreds of kilometres of waterway. We argue that the ‘site-fidelic’ males patrolled territories around the female home ranges to maximise reproductive success, whilst the ‘nomadic’ males were subordinate animals that were forced to range over a far greater area in search of unguarded females. We conclude that C. porosus are highly mobile animals existing within a complex social system, and mate/con-specific interactions are likely to have a profound effect upon population density and distribution, and an individual's travel potential. We recommend that impacts on socio-spatial behaviour are considered prior to the implementation of management interventions.
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