Prospects for a MERS-CoV spike vaccine.
Prospects for a MERS-CoV spike vaccine.
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DOI：
10.1080/14760584.2018.1506702
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发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Du L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhou Y;Jiang S;Du L
自2012年首次报道中东呼吸综合征（MERS）冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）以来，已经过去了六年。尽管MERS-CoV在人类中的死亡率一直很高，但没有疫苗被批准用于预防MERS-CoV感染人类。MERS-CoV S蛋白是MERS疫苗开发的关键靶点。本文综述了MERS冠状病毒S蛋白作为疫苗靶点的结构和功能，描述了可用于评价MERS疫苗的动物模型，并总结了MERS冠状病毒S蛋白疫苗的最新进展，重点介绍了它们在不同模型中诱导抗体和/或细胞免疫应答、中和抗体和保护MERS冠状病毒感染的能力。对未来MERS-CoV S疫苗的前景进行了讨论。大多数正在开发的MERS疫苗都是基于MERS-CoV S蛋白，包括全长S，S1和受体结合结构域（RBD）。虽然评估全长S和基于S1的MERS疫苗的安全性至关重要，但有必要使用新策略进一步提高基于RBD的疫苗的有效性。总之，这篇综述为设计和开发基于病毒S蛋白的安全有效的MERS疫苗提供了信息指导。
Six years have passed since Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronavirus (MERS-CoV), a newly emerging infectious virus, was first reported in 2012. Although MERS-CoV has had a consistently high mortality rate in humans, no vaccines have been approved to prevent MERS-CoV infection in humans. MERS-CoV spike (S) protein is a key target for development of MERS vaccines. In this review, we illustrate the structure and function of S protein as a vaccine target, describe available animal models for evaluating MERS vaccines, and summarize recent progress on MERS-CoV S-based vaccines, focusing on their ability to elicit antibody and/or cellular immune responses, neutralizing antibodies, and protection against MERS-CoV infection in different models. Prospects for future MERS-CoV S-based vaccines are discussed. The majority of MERS vaccines under development are based on MERS-CoV S protein, including full-length S, S1, and receptor-binding domain (RBD). While it is essential to evaluate the safety of full-length S and S1-based MERS vaccines, further improvement of the efficacy of RBD-based vaccines using novel strategies would be necessary. Overall, this review provides informative guidance for designing and developing safe and effective MERS vaccines based on viral S protein.
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