Use of phonetic specificity during the acquisition of new words: differences between consonants and vowels
Use of phonetic specificity during the acquisition of new words: differences between consonants and vowels
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新单词习得过程中语音特异性的使用：辅音和元音之间的差异
DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2004.10.005
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发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
T. Nazzi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
T. Nazzi
本研究探讨了语音特异性在20个月龄新单词学习过程中的使用情况。使用的程序遵循Nazzi和Gopnik[Nazzi，T.，&Gopnik，A.(2001)]。婴儿期的语言和认知能力：语言什么时候成为分类的工具？认知，80，B11-B20]。首先给婴儿看的是三个感知上不同的物体，这些物体被赋予了虚构的名字，其中两个物体的名字相同。然后，通过对象选择/分类来评估单词学习。测试包括语音上不同的单词(例如，[pize]vs.[mora]，实验1)，在声母上差异最小的单词(例如，[pize]vs.[tize]，实验2a)，以及以前从未测试过的条件：非声母对比(例如，[pide]vs.[Pige]，实验2b)，以及发音对比(例如[pize]vs.[pyze]；[pize]vs.[Paze]；[pize]vs.[pizu]，实验3a-c)。结果因条件不同而不同：在语音不同的情况下，单词可以很容易地学习，并且在初始最小辅音对比和非初始最小辅音对比中学习的程度较小；然而，婴儿在所有三种声音对比中的整体表现都是偶然的。本研究结果揭示了早期词汇的特殊性，并提出了元音和辅音在早期词汇学习中贡献不同的可能性。
The present study explores the issue of the use of phonetic specificity in the process of learning new words at 20 months of age. The procedure used follows Nazzi and Gopnik [Nazzi, T., & Gopnik, A. (2001). Linguistic and cognitive abilities in infancy: When does language become a tool for categorization? Cognition, 80, B11–B20]. Infants were first presented with triads of perceptually dissimilar objects, which were given made-up names, two of the objects receiving the same name. Then, word learning was evaluated through object selection/categorization. Tests involved phonetically different words (e.g. [pize] vs. [mora], Experiment 1), words differing minimally on their onset consonant (e.g. [pize] vs. [tize], Experiment 2a), and conditions which had never been tested before: non-initial consonantal contrasts (e.g. [pide] vs. [pige], Experiment 2b), and vocalic contrasts (e.g. [pize] vs. [pyze]; [pize] vs. [paze]; [pize] vs. [pizu], Experiments 3a–c). Results differed across conditions: words could be easily learnt in the phonetically different condition, and were learnt, though to a lesser degree, in both the initial and non-initial minimal consonant contrast; however, infants' global performance on all three vocalic contrasts was at chance level. The present results shed new light regarding the specificity of early words, and raise the possibility of different contributions for vowels and consonants in early word learning.
非母语语音对比的知觉重组检查：英语成人和婴儿的祖鲁语点击歧视。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-1523.14.3.345
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance
影响因子：
--
作者：
Best,CT;McRoberts,GW;Sithole,NM
通讯作者：
Sithole,NM
DOI：
10.1037/0096-1523.20.2.421
发表时间：
1994-04-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
POLKA, L;WERKER, JF
通讯作者：
WERKER, JF
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
KUHL, PK;WILLIAMS, KA;LINDBLOM, B
通讯作者：
LINDBLOM, B