Neighborhood characteristics and availability of healthy foods in Baltimore.
Neighborhood characteristics and availability of healthy foods in Baltimore.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.amepre.2008.07.003
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发表时间：
2008-12
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Brancati, Frederick L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Franco, Manuel;Roux, Ana V. Diez;Glass, Thomas A.;Caballero, Benjamin;Brancati, Frederick L.
获得健康食品的机会不同可能会导致种族和经济健康差异。健康食品的供应很少以系统的方式直接衡量。本研究探讨了健康食品的可获得性与种族和收入社区组成之间的关联。2006年进行了一项横断面研究，以确定巴尔的摩市和巴尔的摩县159个相邻社区（人口普查区）以及其中226家食品店的健康食品供应差异。健康食品可用性指数（HFAI）确定每个商店，使用一个验证的仪器从0点到27点。社区健康食品的可用性由社区内商店的平均HFAI总结。描述性分析和多层次模型被用来研究协会的商店类型和邻里特征与健康食品的供应。43%的黑人社区和46%的低收入社区的健康食品供应量最低，而白色和高收入社区分别为4%和13%（p<0.001）。黑人社区与白色社区、低收入社区与高收入社区的HFAI平均差异分别为-7.6和-8.1。黑人和低收入社区的超市的HFAI得分低于白色和高收入社区的超市（平均差异分别为-3.7和-4.9）。回归分析表明，商店类型和邻里特征与HFAI评分独立相关。主要是黑人和低收入社区的健康食品供应低于白色和高收入社区，这是由于商店类型的差异以及类似商店内健康食品的差异。这些差异可能导致种族和经济健康差异。
Differential access to healthy foods may contribute to racial and economic health disparities. The availability of healthy foods has rarely been directly measured in a systematic fashion. This study examines the associations among the availability of healthy foods and racial and income neighborhood composition. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2006 to determine differences in the availability of healthy foods across 159 contiguous neighborhoods (census tracts) in Baltimore City and Baltimore County and in the 226 food stores within them. A healthy food availability index (HFAI) was determined for each store, using a validated instrument ranging from 0 points to 27 points. Neighborhood healthy food availability was summarized by the mean HFAI for the stores within the neighborhood. Descriptive analyses and multilevel models were used to examine associations of store type and neighborhood characteristics with healthy food availability. Forty-three percent of predominantly black neighborhoods and 46% of lower-income neighborhoods were in the lowest tertile of healthy food availability versus 4% and 13%, respectively, in predominantly white and higher-income neighborhoods (p<0.001). Mean differences in HFAI comparing predominantly black neighborhoods to white ones, and lower-income neighborhoods to higher-income neighborhoods, were −7.6 and −8.1, respectively. Supermarkets in predominantly black and lower-income neighborhoods had lower HFAI scores than supermarkets in predominantly white and higher-income neighborhoods (mean differences −3.7 and −4.9, respectively). Regression analyses showed that both store type and neighborhood characteristics were independently associated with the HFAI score. Predominantly black and lower-income neighborhoods have a lower availability of healthy foods than white and higher-income neighborhoods due to the differential placement of types of stores as well as differential offerings of healthy foods within similar stores. These differences may contribute to racial and economic health disparities.
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影响因子：
5
作者：
Mujahid, Mahasin S.;Roux, Ana V. Diez;Raghunathan, Trivellore
通讯作者：
Raghunathan, Trivellore
影响因子：
5.1
作者：
CHEADLE, A;PSATY, BM;KRISTAL, A
通讯作者：
KRISTAL, A
影响因子：
5
作者：
Bild, DE;Bluemke, DA;Tracy, RP
通讯作者：
Tracy, RP
影响因子：
0.9
作者：
Roux, A.-V. Diez
通讯作者：
Roux, A.-V. Diez
影响因子：
12.7
作者：
Horowitz, CR;Colson, KA;Lancaster, K
通讯作者：
Lancaster, K