Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown: An Emerging Biomarker of Cognitive Impairment in Normal Aging and Dementia.
Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown: An Emerging Biomarker of Cognitive Impairment in Normal Aging and Dementia.
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血脑屏障破坏：正常衰老和痴呆中认知障碍的新兴生物标志物。
DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2021.688090
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Chang J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hussain B;Fang C;Chang J
血脑屏障（blood-brain barrier，BBB）在维持神经组织的特化微环境中起着至关重要的作用。它将外周循环系统与脑实质分离，同时促进交流。BBB的不同生理特性的改变导致与正常衰老和各种神经退行性疾病相关的BBB破坏。在这篇综述中，我们首先简要讨论了衰老过程，然后回顾了与正常衰老相关的BBB破坏的表型和机制，这些表型和机制进一步导致神经退行性疾病和认知障碍。我们还总结了痴呆，如阿尔茨海默病（AD）和血管性痴呆（VaD），并随后讨论了与认知功能下降相关的痴呆中BBB破坏的表型和机制。AD和VaD之间的重叠也进行了讨论。技术，可以识别与血脑屏障崩溃相关的生物标志物进行了简要总结。最后，我们得出结论，血脑屏障的破坏可以作为一个新兴的生物标志物，以帮助诊断与正常衰老和痴呆相关的认知障碍。
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) plays a vital role in maintaining the specialized microenvironment of the neural tissue. It separates the peripheral circulatory system from the brain parenchyma while facilitating communication. Alterations in the distinct physiological properties of the BBB lead to BBB breakdown associated with normal aging and various neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we first briefly discuss the aging process, then review the phenotypes and mechanisms of BBB breakdown associated with normal aging that further cause neurodegeneration and cognitive impairments. We also summarize dementia such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) and subsequently discuss the phenotypes and mechanisms of BBB disruption in dementia correlated with cognition decline. Overlaps between AD and VaD are also discussed. Techniques that could identify biomarkers associated with BBB breakdown are briefly summarized. Finally, we concluded that BBB breakdown could be used as an emerging biomarker to assist to diagnose cognitive impairment associated with normal aging and dementia.
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