On the origin and evolutionary history of NANOG.
On the origin and evolutionary history of NANOG.
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论NANOG的起源和进化史。
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0085104
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Girardot F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scerbo P;Markov GV;Vivien C;Kodjabachian L;Demeneix B;Coen L;Girardot F
尽管哺乳动物具有多能性的特点，但关于其进化史仍有许多问题有待解决。解决这一问题的一个必要的前提是确定维持或调节这一特性的转录因子家族的系统发育分布和同源关系。在哺乳动物中，NANOG同源结构域转录因子是多能性网络中的核心角色之一。然而，对其进化史的研究还不够深入，阻碍了比较研究的阐释。到目前为止，NANOG家族被认为是单基因的，在哺乳动物中描述了许多假基因，包括在人科中的串联重复。通过研究广泛的颅骨基因组，我们提供了证据，证明NANOG家族最晚出现在骨鱼的最新共同祖先中，并且NANOG基因在石龙科动物中经常以串联重复的形式被发现，在放线蕨类中作为单基因被发现。因此，它们的系统发育分布让人想起最近显示的V类POU类似物，这是另一个多潜能控制因子的关键家族。然而，尽管已经报道了V类Pou家族的单一祖先重复，我们认为在NANOG家族的进化过程中发生了多个独立的重复事件。这些多重重复可能造成了细胞能力和多能性控制的复杂性，这可以解释与这个重要基因家族的功能进化相关的差异。此外，我们的分析不支持NANOG的丧失与原始生殖细胞规格的前形成模式的出现存在因果联系的假设。因此，我们的研究认为有必要对NANOG同源基因进行进一步的功能比较，特别是关于在蜥蜴类和非真兽类哺乳动物中发现的新的重复序列。
Though pluripotency is well characterized in mammals, many questions remain to be resolved regarding its evolutionary history. A necessary prerequisite for addressing this issue is to determine the phylogenetic distributions and orthology relationships of the transcription factor families sustaining or modulating this property. In mammals, the NANOG homeodomain transcription factor is one of the core players in the pluripotency network. However, its evolutionary history has not been thoroughly studied, hindering the interpretation of comparative studies. To date, the NANOG family was thought to be monogenic, with numerous pseudogenes described in mammals, including a tandem duplicate in Hominidae. By examining a wide-array of craniate genomes, we provide evidence that the NANOG family arose at the latest in the most recent common ancestor of osteichthyans and that NANOG genes are frequently found as tandem duplicates in sarcopterygians and as a single gene in actinopterygians. Their phylogenetic distribution is thus reminiscent of that recently shown for Class V POU paralogues, another key family of pluripotency-controlling factors. However, while a single ancestral duplication has been reported for the Class V POU family, we suggest that multiple independent duplication events took place during evolution of the NANOG family. These multiple duplications could have contributed to create a layer of complexity in the control of cell competence and pluripotency, which could explain the discrepancies relative to the functional evolution of this important gene family. Further, our analysis does not support the hypothesis that loss of NANOG and emergence of the preformation mode of primordial germ cell specification are causally linked. Our study therefore argues for the need of further functional comparisons between NANOG paralogues, notably regarding the novel duplicates identified in sauropsids and non-eutherian mammals.
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