SIRT1 redistribution on chromatin promotes genomic stability but alters gene expression during aging.

SIRT1 redistribution on chromatin promotes genomic stability but alters gene expression during aging.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2008.10.025
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发表时间:
2008-11-28
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Sinclair DA
Sinclair DA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Oberdoerffer P;Michan S;McVay M;Mostoslavsky R;Vann J;Park SK;Hartlerode A;Stegmuller J;Hafner A;Loerch P;Wright SM;Mills KD;Bonni A;Yankner BA;Scully R;Prolla TA;Alt FW;Sinclair DA

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基因组的不稳定性和基因表达的改变是真核生物衰老的标志。酵母组蛋白去乙酰基酶Sir2沉默转录并稳定重复DNA,但在老化过程中或对DNA断裂的反应中,SIR复合体重新定位到基因组不稳定的位置,导致导致不育的基因去沉默,这是酵母衰老的特征。利用胚胎干细胞,我们证明哺乳动物Sir2,SIRT1,抑制重复的DNA和小鼠基因组中一组功能多样化的基因。作为对DNA损伤的反应,SIRT1从这些基因座解离并重新定位到DNA断裂以促进修复,导致转录变化,与老化的小鼠大脑中的变化相似。在基因组不稳定的小鼠模型中,SIRT1表达增加促进了存活率,并抑制了年龄相关的转录变化。因此,DNA损伤诱导的SIRT1和其他染色质修饰蛋白的重新分布可能是真核生物衰老的一种保守机制。
Genomic instability and alterations in gene expression are hallmarks of eukaryotic aging. The yeast histone deacetylase Sir2 silences transcription and stabilizes repetitive DNA, but during aging or in response to a DNA break, the Sir complex relocalizes to sites of genomic instability, resulting in the desilencing of genes that cause sterility, a characteristic of yeast aging. Using embryonic stem cells, we show that mammalian Sir2, SIRT1, represses repetitive DNA and a functionally diverse set of genes across the mouse genome. In response to DNA damage, SIRT1 dissociates from these loci and relocalizes to DNA breaks to promote repair, resulting in transcriptional changes that parallel those in the aging mouse brain. Increased SIRT1 expression promotes survival in a mouse model of genomic instability and suppresses age-dependent transcriptional changes. Thus, DNA damage-induced redistribution of SIRT1 and other chromatin modifying proteins may be a conserved mechanism of aging in eukaryotes.
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