Creative Destruction: A Basic Computational Model of Cortical Layer Formation.

Creative Destruction: A Basic Computational Model of Cortical Layer Formation.
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DOI:
10.1093/cercor/bhab003
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发表时间:
2021-06-10
期刊:
Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Kaiser M
Kaiser M
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bauer R;Clowry GJ;Kaiser M

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许多脊椎动物神经系统最具特征的特性之一是不同细胞类型的分层组织。这种细胞结构存在于皮层、视网膜、海马体和中枢神经系统的许多其他部分。神经层形成的发育机制已经进行了大量的实验研究。在这里,我们提供了一个在三维物理空间中形成皮层的通用计算模型。我们表明,这种多尺度、基于主体的模型,包括凋亡的两个不同阶段,可以解释在不同皮层区域和物种中遇到的广泛的神经元数量。我们的结果证明了基本状态图结构的表型丰富度。重要的是,细胞凋亡允许改变一层的厚度而不会自动影响其他层。因此,细胞凋亡增加了细胞层结构进化变化的灵活性。值得注意的是,轻微改变的基因调控动力学概括了在神经发育性疾病中观察到的特征。总的来说,我们提出了一个新的计算模型,使用基因型规则,显示正常和病理皮层发育的许多特征。
One of the most characteristic properties of many vertebrate neural systems is the layered organization of different cell types. This cytoarchitecture exists in the cortex, the retina, the hippocampus, and many other parts of the central nervous system. The developmental mechanisms of neural layer formation have been subject to substantial experimental efforts. Here, we provide a general computational model for cortical layer formation in 3D physical space. We show that this multiscale, agent-based model, comprising two distinct stages of apoptosis, can account for the wide range of neuronal numbers encountered in different cortical areas and species. Our results demonstrate the phenotypic richness of a basic state diagram structure. Importantly, apoptosis allows for changing the thickness of one layer without automatically affecting other layers. Therefore, apoptosis increases the flexibility for evolutionary change in layer architecture. Notably, slightly changed gene regulatory dynamics recapitulate the characteristic properties observed in neurodevelopmental diseases. Overall, we propose a novel computational model using gene-type rules, exhibiting many characteristics of normal and pathological cortical development.
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