Population‐level variation of digestive physiology costs of mounting an immune response in damselflies
Population‐level variation of digestive physiology costs of mounting an immune response in damselflies
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豆娘免疫反应的消化生理学成本的群体水平变化
DOI：
10.1111/een.12837
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Siepielski, Adam M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tye, Simon P.;Blaske, Benjamin K.;Siepielski, Adam M.
1. 通常预测在能量消耗高的活动之间会发生权衡，例如体细胞生长和引发对寄生虫的免疫反应。虽然寄生经常通过降低消耗来降低生长，但尚不清楚产生免疫反应的能量需求是否也影响生长所需的消化生理过程。此外，由于当地环境条件影响对生长和免疫反应的能量投资，任何消化-免疫反应权衡的程度可能因种群而异，而不是在物种水平上固定不变。为了验证这些想法，黑化——一种普遍的先天免疫反应——首先在来自两个种群的豆娘幼虫（Enallagma vesperum）中被诱导。然后，该研究量化了生长和消耗率，同化和生产效率，以及每日代谢率，以确定消化-免疫反应是否存在权衡，如果存在，是否在人群之间存在差异。在这两个人群中，没有证据表明免疫反应和消化生理成分之间存在任何权衡。然而，结果确实表明，在引起免疫反应后，不同种群对不同消化生理成分的能量分配存在差异：一个种群的相对消耗和日代谢率增加，而另一个种群的同化效率和消耗率降低。尽管研究人员缺乏对观察到的种群水平差异的机制理解，但这些结果表明，消化生理学和免疫反应的种群水平差异对于推断免疫防御如何影响生物体获取和利用资源的能力至关重要。
1. Trade‐offs are often predicted to occur between energetically costly activities, such as somatic growth and eliciting immune responses to parasites. Although parasitism frequently reduces growth via lowered consumption, it remains unclear if the energetic demands of generating immune responses also affect the digestive physiological processes necessary for growth. Moreover, as local environmental conditions affect energetic investment towards growth and immune responses, the extent of any digestive–immune response trade‐offs may vary among populations and not be fixed at the species‐level.2. To test these ideas, melanisation – a general innate immune response – was first induced in damselfly larvae (Enallagma vesperum) from two populations. The study then quantified growth and consumption rates, assimilation and production efficiencies, and daily metabolic rates to determine if digestive–immune response trade‐offs were present and, if so, whether they differed between populations.3. There was no evidence of any trade‐offs between immune responses and digestive physiology components in either population. However, the results did show that populations differentially allocated energy towards different digestive physiology components after an immune response was elicited: one population increased their relative consumption and daily metabolic rates, while the other population had lower assimilation efficiencies and consumption rates.4. Although researchers lack a mechanistic understanding of the observed population‐level differences, these results suggest that accounting for population‐level variation in digestive physiology and immune responses is critical to inferences about how immunological defences to parasitism may affect the ability for organisms to both acquire and utilise resources.
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影响因子：
2.2
作者：
K. Wilson;A. Reeson
通讯作者：
K. Wilson;A. Reeson
水产消费者的同化效率与生长效率之间的关系
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1968
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. Welch
通讯作者：
H. Welch
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Siepielski, Adam M.;Mertens, Andrew N.;McPeek, Mark A.
通讯作者：
McPeek, Mark A.
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb33567.x
发表时间：
1994-01-01
期刊：
PRIMORDIAL IMMUNITY: FOUNDATIONS FOR THE VERTEBRATE IMMUNE SYSTEM
影响因子：
--
作者：
DUNN, PE;BOHNERT, TJ;RUSSELL, V
通讯作者：
RUSSELL, V
昆虫营养的定量方面。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1968
期刊：
American Zoologist
影响因子：
--
作者：
H. T. Gordon
通讯作者：
H. T. Gordon