Responses of a pair‐living, sexually monogamous primate to the simulated presence of solitary individuals: A field playback experiment
Responses of a pair‐living, sexually monogamous primate to the simulated presence of solitary individuals: A field playback experiment
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一对活生生的、一夫一妻制的灵长类动物对模拟的孤独个体的反应：现场回放实验
DOI：
10.1111/eth.13222
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Goymann, ed., Wolfgang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garcia de la Chica, Alba;Wood, David Bechtel;Rotundo, Marcelo;Fernandez‐Duque, Eduardo;Goymann, ed., Wolfgang
响亮的叫声在调节空间的使用以及在广泛的分类群中构建社会群体和交配系统方面发挥着重要作用。在配对生活的领地动物中，与邻居的相遇和独居的同种动物很常见，这些叫声主要与资源保护或配偶保护行为有关。猫头鹰猴(Aotus Hazarae)生活在一对繁殖成虫和1-4只年轻的非繁殖个体的群体中。两性在3岁左右分散；他们成为孤独的漂浮者，竞争取代来自其他群体的同性成年人。在这里，我们研究了阿扎拉猫头鹰猴子对未配对和不熟悉的雄性和雌性的叫声的行为反应，以更好地了解漂浮者和群体之间的竞争是与保卫它们的领土、配偶，还是两者都有关。我们收集了六组不熟悉的男性和女性大声叫声回放之前、期间和之后的行为数据，以及在他们家范围的中心和边界的控制刺激的行为数据。总体而言，我们的结果表明，回放位置并没有在猴子身上引起不同的反应，而且雄性和雌性对陌生叫声的反应都比雌性更强，这一点从实验过程中和实验后更高的社会性和声音反应、朝着回放的移动和群体间的相遇中得到了证明。我们的研究表明，配对的雄性和雌性猫头鹰猴子主要保护他们的伴侣免受入侵，并强调有必要在关于配对生活的社会组织和有性一夫一妻制交配系统的演变的模型中考虑两性的性别竞争的作用。
Loud calls play an important function in regulating the use of space and structuring social groups and mating systems in a wide range of taxa. In pair‐living territorial animals, where encounters with neighbors and solitary conspecifics are common, these calls are mainly associated with resource defense or mate guarding behaviors. Owl monkeys (Aotus azarae) live in groups of one pair of reproducing adults and 1–4 younger, non‐reproducing individuals. Both sexes disperse when they are around 3 years of age; they become solitary floaters who compete to replace same‐sex adults from other groups. Here, we examined the behavioral responses of Azara's owl monkey pairs toward calls of unpaired and unfamiliar males and females to better understand if the competition between floaters and groups is in relationship to the defense of their territory, their mates, or both. We collected behavioral data from six groups, before, during, and after the playing back of unfamiliar male and female loud calls and of a control stimulus at the center and border of their home ranges. Overall, our results showed that the playback location did not elicit differential responses in the monkeys and that both sexes were more reactive to male than female unfamiliar calls, as evidenced by higher rates of sociosexual and vocal responses, movement toward the playback, and intergroup encounters during and after the experiments. Our study indicates that paired male and female owl monkeys mainly defend their partners toward intruders and emphasizes the need of including the role of sexual competition on both sexes in models about the evolution of pair‐living social organizations and sexual monogamy mating systems.
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