Efficacy of inactivated vaccine in preventing antigenically drifted influenza type A and well-matched type B.
Efficacy of inactivated vaccine in preventing antigenically drifted influenza type A and well-matched type B.
复制标题
灭活疫苗预防抗原漂移甲型和匹配乙型流感的功效。
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Nirasawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
N. Sugaya;K. Nerome;M. Ishida;M. Matsumoto;K. Mitamura;M. Nirasawa
目的
评价目前使用的灭活流感疫苗在1992-1993年流感季期间由抗原漂移的A型（H3 N2）流感病毒和完全匹配的B型病毒引起的严重流行中的有效性。
设计
前瞻性非随机对照试验。
设置
日本城市综合医院小儿哮喘门诊。
参与者
共有137名中度至重度哮喘儿童（平均年龄7.0岁;范围2至14岁）。
干预
85名儿童接种了含有A/Beijing/352/89（H3 N2）和B/曼谷/163/90（B/Panama/45/90样株）的三价裂解抗原疫苗。52人未接种疫苗。
主要观察指标
使用血凝抑制试验和病毒分离确定对感染的保护。根据发热事件伴抗体升高或病毒分离评估临床疗效。
结果
虽然在流行性病毒（A/Beijing/32/92样株）中证明了血凝素的显著抗原漂移，但对A型流感（H3 N2）感染的保护率为67.5%（P <0.01）。尽管流行性B型流感病毒与疫苗株的抗原性几乎相同，但对B型流感感染的保护率为43.7%（P <0.01）。灭活疫苗对7岁以下儿童的B型流感感染没有保护作用。在流行期间，在至少7岁的儿童中证明了高临床有效性。
结论
我们的数据表明，目前的灭活疫苗是非常有效的保护，对甲型流感（H3 N2）病毒感染的抗原漂移无关。相比之下，通过接种疫苗获得的保护效力可能不足以对抗B型流感病毒感染，特别是在幼儿中，它不提供保护。
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of currently used inactivated influenza vaccine during a severe epidemic caused by antigenically drifted influenza type A(H3N2) and well-matched type B viruses during the 1992-1993 season.
DESIGN
Prospective nonrandomized controlled trial.
SETTING
An urban general hospital pediatric asthma clinic in Japan.
PARTICIPANTS
A total of 137 children with moderate to severe asthma (mean age, 7.0 years; range, 2 to 14 years).
INTERVENTION
Eighty-five children received trivalent split-antigen vaccine containing A/Beijing/352/89 (H3N2) and B/Bangkok/163/90 (B/Panama/45/90-like strain). Fifty-two were unvaccinated.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Protection against infection was determined using hemagglutination inhibition test and virus isolation. Clinical efficacy was estimated based on febrile episodes with antibody rise or virus isolation.
RESULTS
Although marked antigenic drift in hemagglutinin was demonstrated in the epidemic virus (A/Beijing/32/92-like strain), the protection against influenza type A(H3N2) infection was 67.5% (P < .01). The protection against influenza type B infection was 43.7% (P < .01), although the epidemic influenza type B viruses were antigenically almost identical to the vaccine strain. Inactivated vaccine was not effective for protection against influenza type B infection in children younger than 7 years. High clinical effectiveness was demonstrated in children at least 7 years of age during the epidemic.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data suggest that current inactivated vaccine is highly effective for protection against influenza type A(H3N2) virus infection regardless of antigenic drift. In contrast, the protective efficacy obtained by vaccination may not be sufficient against influenza type B virus infection, and especially in young children, it does not offer protection.
影响因子：
5
作者：
FOX, JP;COONEY, MK;FOY, HM
通讯作者：
FOY, HM
儿童和成人乙型流感病毒疫苗：不良反应、免疫反应和现场观察。
DOI：
10.1093/infdis/143.5.700
发表时间：
1981
期刊：
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Foy,HM;Cooney,MK;Allan,ID;Frost,F;Blumhagen,JM;Fox,JP
通讯作者：
Fox,JP
幼儿单价和三价减毒流感活疫苗的比较。
DOI：
10.1093/infdis/168.1.53
发表时间：
1993
期刊：
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gruber,WC;Kirschner,K;Tollefson,S;Thompson,J;Reed,G;Edwards,KM;Wright,PF
通讯作者：
Wright,PF