Influenza B virus vaccines in children and adults: adverse reactions, immune response, and observations in the field.

Influenza B virus vaccines in children and adults: adverse reactions, immune response, and observations in the field.
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儿童和成人乙型流感病毒疫苗:不良反应、免疫反应和现场观察。

DOI:
10.1093/infdis/143.5.700
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发表时间:
1981
期刊:
The Journal of infectious diseases
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Fox,JP
Fox,JP
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Foy,HM;Cooney,MK;Allan,ID;Frost,F;Blumhagen,JM;Fox,JP

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流感病毒疫苗的双盲试验于1976年秋季开始。一剂500个鸡细胞凝集单位的亚病毒B型流感疫苗在学龄儿童和年轻人中产生的不良反应可以忽略不计,而全病毒疫苗引起全身反应。亚病毒体疫苗诱导补体结合抗体反应,特别是在儿童中,在两年内恢复到接近原始水平。在没有自然攻击的情况下,疫苗诱导的血凝抑制(HAI)抗体水平至少在2.5年内保持升高。当B型流感大流行发生在1979-1980年冬季时,最年幼的儿童(最初为6 - 9岁)的感染率最高(53%);根据感染的血清学证据,在这一群体中,保护率估计为44% ± 17%。尽管疫苗诱导的HA 1抗体持续存在,但在接种疫苗后三年,在老年组中证明了很少的疫苗效力。
A double-blind trial of influenza virus vaccines was initiated in the fall of 1976. One dose of 500 chick cell-agglutinating units of subvirion influenza B vaccine gave negligible adverse reactions in schoolchildren and young adults, whereas whole-virus vaccine caused systemic reactions. Subvirion vaccines induced a complement-fixing antibody response, particularly in children, that returned to near original levels over a two-year period. Levels of hemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) antibodies induced by the vaccine remained elevated for at least 2.5 years in the absence of natural challenge. When a major epidemic of influenza B occurred in the winter of 1979–1980, the youngest children (originally six to nine years of age) had the highest infection rate (53%); in this group protection was estimated at 44% ± 17% by serologic evidence of infection. Little vaccine efficacy was demonstrated in older age groups at three years after vaccination, despite the persistence of HAl antibodies induced by the vaccine.
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