An evaluation of the CMIP3 and CMIP5 simulations in their skill of simulating the spatial structure of SST variability

An evaluation of the CMIP3 and CMIP5 simulations in their skill of simulating the spatial structure of SST variability
复制标题

CMIP3 和 CMIP5 模拟模拟海温变化空间结构的评估

DOI:
10.1007/s00382-014-2154-0
复制
发表时间:
2015
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
C. Frauen
C. Frauen
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
D. Dommenget;C. Frauen

文献摘要

参考文献

被引文献

相似文献

在气候模式比较项目第三阶段(CMIP3)和CMIP5模式的模拟中,评估了全球海洋的自然海表面温度(SST)变率。在这项评估中,我们检查了海温变率的空间结构在观测和模拟之间的匹配程度,这是基于它们的主要经验正交函数-模式。这里我们重点关注高通过滤器的月平均时间尺度和更长的5年运行平均时间尺度。我们将把模型和观测与简单的零假设进行比较,例如各向同性扩散(红色噪声)或平板海洋模型,以说明模型在模拟现实可变性模式方面的技能。一些模式在模拟热带地区海温变率的观测空间结构方面表现出很好的技巧,而在热带以外地区则表现得较差。然而,在大多数领域,特别是在北大西洋和南大洋,在较长的(5年运行平均)时间尺度上,大多数模型显示与观测值和彼此之间有很大的偏差。在许多情况下,简单的空间红色噪声零假设比大多数模型更接近观测结构,尽管观测到的SST变率显示出与这个简单的空间红色噪声零假设的显著偏差。CMIP模式往往高估了有效的空间自由度,并用与观测结果不同的结构模拟了错误位置的SST变率的过于强烈的局部化模式。然而,与CMIP3集合相比,CMIP5集合显示出一些改进,主要是在热带地区。此外,如果用观测到的特征值来衡量CMIP3和CMIP5超级集合的SST模的相对解释方差,则这些模的空间结构比任何单个模式都更逼真。
The natural sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the global oceans is evaluated in simulations of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 3 (CMIP3) and CMIP5 models. In this evaluation, we examine how well the spatial structure of the SST variability matches between the observations and simulations on the basis of their leading empirical orthogonal functions-modes. Here we focus on the high-pass filter monthly mean time scales and the longer 5 years running mean time scales. We will compare the models and observations against simple null hypotheses, such as isotropic diffusion (red noise) or a slab ocean model, to illustrate the models skill in simulating realistic patterns of variability. Some models show good skill in simulating the observed spatial structure of the SST variability in the tropical domains and less so in the extra-tropical domains. However, most models show substantial deviations from the observations and from each other in most domains and particularly in the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean on the longer (5 years running mean) time scale. In many cases the simple spatial red noise null hypothesis is closer to the observed structure than most models, despite the fact that the observed SST variability shows significant deviations from this simple spatial red noise null hypothesis. The CMIP models tend to largely overestimate the effective spatial number degrees of freedom and simulate too strongly localized patterns of SST variability at the wrong locations with structures that are different from the observed. However, the CMIP5 ensemble shows some improvement over the CMIP3 ensemble, mostly in the tropical domains. Further, the spatial structure of the SST modes of the CMIP3 and CMIP5 super ensemble is more realistic than any single model, if the relative explained variances of these modes are scaled by the observed eigenvalues.
DOI: 10.1175/2010jcli3541.1
发表时间: 2010-11
期刊: Journal of Climate
影响因子: 4.9
作者:
G. Martin;S. Milton;C. Senior;M. Brooks;S. Ineson;T. Reichler;J. Kim
通讯作者: G. Martin;S. Milton;C. Senior;M. Brooks;S. Ineson;T. Reichler;J. Kim
耦合大气环流模型中的海洋-大气相互作用和气候漂移
DOI: --
发表时间: 2000
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
H. Grenier;H. Treut;T. Fichefet
通讯作者: T. Fichefet
DOI: 10.1029/2010gl044888
发表时间: 2010-05
影响因子: 5.2
作者:
D. Dommenget
通讯作者: D. Dommenget
DOI: 10.1007/s00382-013-1708-x
发表时间: 2014
期刊: Climate Dynamics
影响因子: 4.6
作者:
T. Bayr;D. Dommenget
通讯作者: D. Dommenget