Shaping of Regional Differences in Oligodendrocyte Dynamics by Regional Heterogeneity of the Pericellular Microenvironment.
Shaping of Regional Differences in Oligodendrocyte Dynamics by Regional Heterogeneity of the Pericellular Microenvironment.
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DOI：
10.3389/fncel.2021.721376
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Nishiyama A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sherafat A;Pfeiffer F;Nishiyama A
少突胶质细胞前体细胞（Oligodendrocyte precursor cells，OPCs）是分化为成熟的少突胶质细胞（Oligodendrocyte，OL）以产生新的髓鞘的胶质细胞。虽然OPCs均匀分布在发育和成人大脑的灰质和白色物质中，但白色物质中的OPCs增殖并分化为少突胶质细胞的速率高于灰质中的OPCs。目前缺乏证据表明OPCs包括遗传和转录上不同的亚型。相反，新兴的观点是，它们存在于不同的细胞和功能状态，这取决于它们的位置和年龄。与正常大脑相反，多发性硬化大脑灰质中的脱髓鞘病变含有更多的OPC和OL，并且比白色物质中的脱髓鞘病变更强烈地再生髓鞘。OL谱系细胞动力学行为的差异可能受到其微环境的影响。星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞、血管系统和细胞外基质（ECM）的组成存在区域差异。我们将讨论如何在这些因素周围的OPCs的区域差异可能会塑造他们的正常和脱髓鞘状态的表型变异。
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are glial cells that differentiate into mature oligodendrocytes (OLs) to generate new myelin sheaths. While OPCs are distributed uniformly throughout the gray and white matter in the developing and adult brain, those in white matter proliferate and differentiate into oligodendrocytes at a greater rate than those in gray matter. There is currently lack of evidence to suggest that OPCs comprise genetically and transcriptionally distinct subtypes. Rather, the emerging view is that they exist in different cell and functional states, depending on their location and age. Contrary to the normal brain, demyelinated lesions in the gray matter of multiple sclerosis brains contain more OPCs and OLs and are remyelinated more robustly than those in white matter. The differences in the dynamic behavior of OL lineage cells are likely to be influenced by their microenvironment. There are regional differences in astrocytes, microglia, the vasculature, and the composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM). We will discuss how the regional differences in these elements surrounding OPCs might shape their phenotypic variability in normal and demyelinated states.
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影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Chang, Ansi;Staugaitis, Susan M.;Dutta, Ranjan;Batt, Courtney E.;Easley, Kathryn E.;Chomyk, Anthony M.;Yong, V. Wee;Fox, Robert J.;Kidd, Grahame J.;Trapp, Bruce D.
通讯作者：
Trapp, Bruce D.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Arai, Ken;Lo, Eng H.
通讯作者：
Lo, Eng H.
影响因子：
32.4
作者：
Hammond, Timothy R.;Dufort, Connor;Stevens, Beth
通讯作者：
Stevens, Beth
影响因子：
6.4
作者：
Albert, Monika;Antel, Jack;Stadelmann, Christine
通讯作者：
Stadelmann, Christine
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Chang, A;Tourtellotte, WW;Trapp, BD
通讯作者：
Trapp, BD