Synergistic effects of traffic-related air pollution and exposure to violence on urban asthma etiology.
Synergistic effects of traffic-related air pollution and exposure to violence on urban asthma etiology.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.9863
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发表时间：
2007-08
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Wright RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clougherty JE;Levy JI;Kubzansky LD;Ryan PB;Suglia SF;Canner MJ;Wright RJ
不成比例的生活压力和随之而来的生理变化（即，免疫失调）被认为是联系社会经济地位、环境暴露和健康差异的主要途径。例如，哮喘不成比例地影响低收入城市社区，那里的空气污染和社会压力可能会增加。我们的目的是研究暴露于暴力（ETV）的作用，作为一种慢性应激源，在改变哮喘病因的敏感性交通相关的空气污染。我们开发了地理信息系统（GIS）为基础的模型，以回顾性地估计住宅暴露于交通相关的污染，为413名儿童在社区为基础的怀孕队列，招募在东波士顿，马萨诸塞州，在1987年和1993年之间，使用每月的二氧化氮测量13个地点超过18年。我们合并了污染估计与问卷调查数据的一生ETV，并检查两者对儿童哮喘病因的影响。校正潜在混杂因素后，我们发现仅在ETV高于中位数的儿童中，NO2暴露增加1-SD（4.3 ppb）时哮喘风险升高[比值比（OR）= 1.63; 95%置信区间（CI），1.14-2.33]。在总是生活在同一社区的儿童中，暴露测量误差较小，这种关联被放大（OR = 2.40; 95%CI，1.48-3.88）。在多个暴露期中，诊断年NO2最能预测哮喘结局。我们发现，交通相关的空气污染和哮喘之间的联系仅限于暴露于暴力的城市儿童。未来的研究应考虑社会模式的易感性，社会和物理环境因素的共同空间分布，以及这些因素之间的潜在协同作用。对身体和社会接触的前瞻性评估可能有助于确定因果途径和关键接触期。
Disproportionate life stress and consequent physiologic alteration (i.e., immune dysregulation) has been proposed as a major pathway linking socioeconomic position, environmental exposures, and health disparities. Asthma, for example, disproportionately affects lower-income urban communities, where air pollution and social stressors may be elevated. We aimed to examine the role of exposure to violence (ETV), as a chronic stressor, in altering susceptibility to traffic-related air pollution in asthma etiology. We developed geographic information systems (GIS)–based models to retrospectively estimate residential exposures to traffic-related pollution for 413 children in a community-based pregnancy cohort, recruited in East Boston, Massachusetts, between 1987 and 1993, using monthly nitrogen dioxide measurements for 13 sites over 18 years. We merged pollution estimates with questionnaire data on lifetime ETV and examined the effects of both on childhood asthma etiology. Correcting for potential confounders, we found an elevated risk of asthma with a 1-SD (4.3 ppb) increase in NO2 exposure solely among children with above-median ETV [odds ratio (OR) = 1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14–2.33)]. Among children always living in the same community, with lesser exposure measurement error, this association was magnified (OR = 2.40; 95% CI, 1.48–3.88). Of multiple exposure periods, year-of-diagnosis NO2 was most predictive of asthma outcomes. We found an association between traffic-related air pollution and asthma solely among urban children exposed to violence. Future studies should consider socially patterned susceptibility, common spatial distributions of social and physical environmental factors, and potential synergies among these. Prospective assessment of physical and social exposures may help determine causal pathways and critical exposure periods.
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影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Gee, Gilbert C;Payne-Sturges, Devon C
通讯作者：
Payne-Sturges, Devon C
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Jerrett, M;Burnett, RT;Hutchison, B
通讯作者：
Hutchison, B
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Liu, Y;Sarnat, JA;Koutrakis, P
通讯作者：
Koutrakis, P
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Maantay, Juliana
通讯作者：
Maantay, Juliana
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-8306.1991.tb01706.x
发表时间：
1991-09-01
期刊：
ANNALS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN GEOGRAPHERS
影响因子：
--
作者：
KATZ, C
通讯作者：
KATZ, C