Extent and ecological consequences of hunting in Central African rainforests in the twenty-first century.
Extent and ecological consequences of hunting in Central African rainforests in the twenty-first century.
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2012.0303
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Maisels F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abernethy KA;Coad L;Taylor G;Lee ME;Maisels F
数千年来，人类一直在中非猎杀野生动物。然而，今天许多物种正在迅速灭绝，野生动物的保护区正在缩小。几乎所有的中非森林现在都可以供猎人使用。在过去的20年里，由于肉类或象牙的商业贸易，大型哺乳动物的数量急剧下降。我们回顾了越来越多的经验数据表明，在该地区的营养网显着中断，与其他生态功能，包括种子传播和森林再生的连锁反应。对土地使用变化的合理设想表明，中非森林的开采压力越来越大，可能会带来新的工人人口，并加剧狩猎的影响和已经在进行的营养级联破坏，除非认真努力进行狩猎监管。狩猎引发的深刻生态变化不会减轻甚至可能加剧气候变化对该地区的预期影响。我们推测，在不久的将来，狩猎带来的营养变化将有一个更大，更快的影响，中非雨林的结构和功能比气候变化对植被的直接影响。立即对狩猎进行管制对中非雨林生态系统的生存至关重要。
Humans have hunted wildlife in Central Africa for millennia. Today, however, many species are being rapidly extirpated and sanctuaries for wildlife are dwindling. Almost all Central Africa's forests are now accessible to hunters. Drastic declines of large mammals have been caused in the past 20 years by the commercial trade for meat or ivory. We review a growing body of empirical data which shows that trophic webs are significantly disrupted in the region, with knock-on effects for other ecological functions, including seed dispersal and forest regeneration. Plausible scenarios for land-use change indicate that increasing extraction pressure on Central African forests is likely to usher in new worker populations and to intensify the hunting impacts and trophic cascade disruption already in progress, unless serious efforts are made for hunting regulation. The profound ecological changes initiated by hunting will not mitigate and may even exacerbate the predicted effects of climate change for the region. We hypothesize that, in the near future, the trophic changes brought about by hunting will have a larger and more rapid impact on Central African rainforest structure and function than the direct impacts of climate change on the vegetation. Immediate hunting regulation is vital for the survival of the Central African rainforest ecosystem.
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