Accessing the human trophoblast stem cell state from pluripotent and somatic cells.
Accessing the human trophoblast stem cell state from pluripotent and somatic cells.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00018-022-04549-y
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发表时间：
2022-11-25
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滋养层细胞是一种特殊的上皮细胞，在胚泡着床过程中发挥重要作用，并在妊娠期间介导母胎沟通。然而，我们对人类滋养层生物学的理解仍然有限，因为早期妊娠胎盘组织的获取是稀缺的，特别是在发育的第一周和第四周之间。此外，动物模型不足以概括人类胎盘生理学的独特方面。在小鼠系统中，自我更新滋养层干细胞的分离提供了胎盘发育的有价值的体外模型系统，但类似的人滋养层干细胞（hTSCs）的衍生直到最近仍然难以捉摸。基于2018年报告从囊胚和妊娠早期胎盘组织中分离真正hTSCs的里程碑式研究，几个研究小组已经开发出从多能和体细胞来源获得hTSCs的方法。在这里，我们审查的生物学和分子特性，定义真正的hTSCs，不同的多能性国家的滋养层潜力，并通过直接重编程诱导hTSCs在体细胞中的方法。从多能细胞和体细胞产生hTSCs为阐明人类胎盘发育的分子机制和妊娠相关疾病的病因提供了令人兴奋的机会。
Trophoblasts are specialized epithelial cells that perform critical functions during blastocyst implantation and mediate maternal–fetal communication during pregnancy. However, our understanding of human trophoblast biology remains limited since access to first-trimester placental tissue is scarce, especially between the first and fourth weeks of development. Moreover, animal models inadequately recapitulate unique aspects of human placental physiology. In the mouse system, the isolation of self-renewing trophoblast stem cells has provided a valuable in vitro model system of placental development, but the derivation of analogous human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) has remained elusive until recently. Building on a landmark study reporting the isolation of bona fide hTSCs from blastocysts and first-trimester placental tissues in 2018, several groups have developed methods to derive hTSCs from pluripotent and somatic cell sources. Here we review the biological and molecular properties that define authentic hTSCs, the trophoblast potential of distinct pluripotent states, and methods for inducing hTSCs in somatic cells by direct reprogramming. The generation of hTSCs from pluripotent and somatic cells presents exciting opportunities to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of human placental development and the etiology of pregnancy-related diseases.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Chazaud, Claire;Yamanaka, Yojiro;Rossant, Janet
通讯作者：
Rossant, Janet
影响因子：
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作者：
ENDERS, AC
通讯作者：
ENDERS, AC
影响因子：
7.7
作者：
Dong, Chen;Beltcheva, Mariana;Theunissen, Thorold W.
通讯作者：
Theunissen, Thorold W.
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Cinkornpumin, Jessica K.;Kwon, Sin Young;Pastor, William A.
通讯作者：
Pastor, William A.
DOI：
10.1242/dev.200171
发表时间：
2022-07-01
期刊：
Development (Cambridge, England)
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