Adaptive transit scheduling to reduce rider vulnerability during heatwaves

Adaptive transit scheduling to reduce rider vulnerability during heatwaves
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自适应交通调度可减少热浪期间乘客的脆弱性

DOI:
10.1080/23789689.2022.2029324
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.9
通讯作者:
Eisenman, David P.
Eisenman, David P.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rosenthal, Noam;Chester, Mikhail;Fraser, Andrew;Hondula, David M.;Eisenman, David P.

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气候变化引发的极端高温事件对过境乘客的舒适和健康构成越来越大的风险。为了减少暴露,各机构可能会考虑更改时刻表,以减少为弱势群体提供服务的交通繁忙的公交路线的发车间隔。本文开发了一种时间表优化模型,以最大限度地减少热暴露,并将其应用于亚利桑那州凤凰城的当地公交服务,使用基于代理的模拟来了解出行需求和乘客特征。研究发现,当车队以最大容量运行时,只需重新规划 10% 的车队路线即可将整个网络的风险降低多达 35%。由于客流量的倾斜以及车队规模与乘客等待时间之间的反比关系,结果改善的显着特点是收益递减。使用备用车辆还可以确保显着减少暴露,特别是在最极端的温度下。因此,重新规划路线提供了一种低成本、适应性强的恢复策略,可以保护乘客免受极端高温的影响。
Extreme heat events induced by climate change present a growing risk to transit passenger comfort and health. To reduce exposure, agencies may consider changes to schedules that reduce headways on heavily trafficked bus routes serving vulnerable populations. This paper develops a schedule optimization model to minimize heat exposure and applies it to local bus services in Phoenix, Arizona, using agent-based simulation to inform travel demand and rider characteristics. Rerouting as little as 10% of a fleet is found to reduce network-wide exposure by as much as 35% when operating at maximum fleet capacity. Outcome improvements are notably characterized by diminishing returns, owing to skewed ridership and the inverse relationship between fleet size and passenger wait time. Access to spare vehicles can also ensure significant reductions in exposure, especially under the most extreme temperatures. Rerouting, therefore, presents a low-cost, adaptable resilience strategy to protect riders from extreme heat exposure.
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