Independent influence of gait speed and step length on stability and fall risk.
Independent influence of gait speed and step length on stability and fall risk.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.gaitpost.2010.06.013
复制
发表时间：
2010-07
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Pai, Y. -C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Espy, D. D.;Yang, F.;Bhatt, T.;Pai, Y. -C.
随着年龄的增长，人们的步态变得缓慢，步伐变得更短;两者都被认为可以提高稳定性，以对抗平衡威胁。最近的研究表明，较短的步长，使质心（COM）更接近领先的脚，提高稳定性，对滑倒相关的福尔斯。然而，较慢的步态，因此较低的COM速度，做相反的。由于自发步态中步长和速度的固有耦合，较短步数的好处在多大程度上可以抵消较慢的速度尚不清楚。本研究的目的是调查，通过解耦，步态速度和步长对步态稳定性和滑倒诱导福尔斯的可能性的独立影响。57名年轻人以三种目标步态模式中的一种行走，两种速度相等，两种步长相等;在后来的试验中，他们遇到了突然的滑倒。结果支持了我们的假设，即当遇到滑倒时，更快的步态和更短的步数都可以改善跌倒风险。这似乎是由于在滑动期间，从滑动开始到恢复脚抬离保持了稳定性。步态速度与步长的成功脱钩首次揭示了，尽管缓慢的步态本身会导致不稳定和福尔斯（步态速度降低一个标准差会使跌倒的几率增加4倍），但这种影响会被步长的相关降低所抵消（步长相同的一个标准差降低6倍）。
With aging, individuals' gaits become slower and their steps shorter; both are thought to improve stability against balance threats. Recent studies have shown that shorter step lengths, which bring the center of mass (COM) closer to the leading foot, improve stability against slip-related falls. However, a slower gait, hence lower COM velocity, does the opposite. Due to the inherent coupling of step length and speed in spontaneous gait, the extent to which the benefit of shorter steps can offset the slower speed is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate, through decoupling, the independent effects of gait speed and step length on gait stability and the likelihood of slip-induced falls. Fifty-seven young adults walked at one of three target gait patterns, two of equal speed and two of equal step length; at a later trial, they encountered an unannounced slip. The results supported our hypotheses that faster gait as well as shorter steps each ameliorates fall risk when a slip is encountered. This appeared to be attributable to the maintenance of stability from slip initiation to liftoff of the recovery foot during the slip. Successful decoupling of gait speed from step length reveals for the first time that, although slow gait in itself leads to instability and falls (a one-standard-deviation decrease in gait speed increases the odds of fall by 4 fold), this effect is offset by the related decrease in step length (the same one-standard-deviation decrease in step length lowers fall risk by 6 times).
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Cham, R;Redfern, MS
通讯作者：
Redfern, MS
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Tirosh, O;Sparrow, WA
通讯作者：
Sparrow, WA
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Menz, HB;Lord, SR;Fitzpatrick, RC
通讯作者：
Fitzpatrick, RC
影响因子：
2
作者：
Bhatt, T;Wening, JD;Pai, YC
通讯作者：
Pai, YC
影响因子：
1.8
作者：
FERRANDEZ, AM;PAILHOUS, J;DURUP, M
通讯作者：
DURUP, M