Haldane's sieve and adaptation from the standing genetic variation.

Haldane's sieve and adaptation from the standing genetic variation.
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霍尔丹筛法和对常设遗传变异的适应。

DOI:
10.1093/genetics/157.2.875
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发表时间:
2001
期刊:
影响因子:
3.3
通讯作者:
Betancourt,AJ
Betancourt,AJ
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Orr,HA;Betancourt,AJ

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我们考虑通过固定突变选择平衡时发现的等位基因来适应突然环境变化的种群。特别是,我们计算固定的概率为以前有害的等位基因,忽略了新的突变的输入。我们发现,“Hallingen的筛”-对建立隐性有益突变的偏见-并不成立在这些条件下。相反,固定的概率一般是独立的优势。我们表明,这一结果是强大的性别表达模式的X连锁和常染色体基因座。我们进一步表明,适应性进化总是缓慢atX连锁比常染色体位点时,从突变选择平衡的进化开始。这一结果不同于适应性使用新突变时获得的结果,这一发现可能与最近通过比较X连锁基因座与常染色体基因座的分子群体遗传学来区分搭便车和背景选择的尝试有一定关系。最后,我们建议一个测试,以确定适应是否使用新的突变或以前有害的等位基因从常设的遗传变异。
We consider populations that adapt to a sudden environmental change by fixing alleles found at mutation-selection balance. In particular, we calculate probabilities of fixation for previously deleterious alleles, ignoring the input of new mutations. We find that “Haldane's sieve”—the bias against the establishment of recessive beneficial mutations—does not hold under these conditions. Instead probabilities of fixation are generallyindependentof dominance. We show that this result is robust to patterns of sex expression for bothX-linked and autosomal loci. We further show that adaptive evolution is invariably slower atX-linked than autosomal loci when evolution begins from mutation-selection balance. This result differs from that obtained when adaptation uses new mutations, a finding that may have some bearing on recent attempts to distinguish between hitchhiking and background selection by contrasting the molecular population genetics ofX-linkedvs.autosomal loci. Last, we suggest a test to determine whether adaptation used new mutations or previously deleterious alleles from the standing genetic variation.
穆勒模仿:经典的“豆袋”进化和生态岛在适应性种族形成中的作用*†
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