Robot minds and human ethics: the need for a comprehensive model of moral decision making
Robot minds and human ethics: the need for a comprehensive model of moral decision making
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机器人思维和人类道德：需要一个全面的道德决策模型
DOI：
10.1007/s10676-010-9232-8
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Wendell Wallach
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wendell Wallach
建立人工道德代理人（AMAs）强调了目前可用的人类道德行为模型的零碎特征。它与道德哲学家试图阐明伦理学的“应该”或认知科学家旨在揭示影响道德心理学的机制的研究截然不同，但它借鉴了两者。哲学家和认知科学家倾向于强调特定认知机制的重要性，例如，推理，道德情感，直觉，或道德语法，在作出道德决定。然而，自下而上建立一个能够容纳道德考虑的系统，使人们注意到在磨练道德智力方面更广泛的机制的重要性。道德机器不需要模仿人类的认知能力，就能令人满意地对道德上重要的情况做出反应。但是，通过建立AMA的方法进行工作，将对加深对有助于道德敏锐性的许多机制以及这些机制共同工作的方式的理解产生深远的影响。建立AMA强调需要一个全面的模型，人类如何达到令人满意的道德判断。
Building artificial moral agents (AMAs) underscores the fragmentary character of presently available models of human ethical behavior. It is a distinctly different enterprise from either the attempt by moral philosophers to illuminate the “ought” of ethics or the research by cognitive scientists directed at revealing the mechanisms that influence moral psychology, and yet it draws on both. Philosophers and cognitive scientists have tended to stress the importance of particular cognitive mechanisms, e.g., reasoning, moral sentiments, heuristics, intuitions, or a moral grammar, in the making of moral decisions. However, assembling a system from the bottom-up which is capable of accommodating moral considerations draws attention to the importance of a much wider array of mechanisms in honing moral intelligence. Moral machines need not emulate human cognitive faculties in order to function satisfactorily in responding to morally significant situations. But working through methods for building AMAs will have a profound effect in deepening an appreciation for the many mechanisms that contribute to a moral acumen, and the manner in which these mechanisms work together. Building AMAs highlights the need for a comprehensive model of how humans arrive at satisfactory moral judgments.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
J. Haidt
通讯作者：
J. Haidt