Can neighborhoods explain racial/ethnic differences in adolescent inactivity?
Can neighborhoods explain racial/ethnic differences in adolescent inactivity?
复制标题
社区可以解释青少年不活动的种族/民族差异吗？
DOI：
10.1080/17477160701305781
复制
发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Rich,Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Richmond,TracyK;Field,AlisonE;Rich,Michael
ObjectiveTo determine if neighborhoods and their attributes contribute to racial/ethnic disparities in adolescent inactivity.MethodsWe undertook a cross-sectional analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n = 17 007), a nationally representative school-based study in the United States. Stratifying by gender, we used multivariate linear regression and multi-level modeling to determine whether neighborhood of residence may partially explain racial/ethnic disparities in adolescent physical inactivity, defined as hours viewing television or videos/DVDs and/or playing computer/video games each week.ResultsParticipants lived in largely segregated communities. Black and Hispanic adolescent girls reported higher levels of inactivity than White adolescent girls (21 vs. 15 vs. 13 hours/week, respectively, p < 0.001). Similar patterns were seen in adolescent boys, with Black adolescent males reporting a mean of 26 hours/week; Hispanic boys a mean of 20 hours/week; and White boys a mean of 17 hours/week of inactivity (p < 0.001). After accounting for between-neighborhood variation, there were no residual within-neighborhood differences in inactivity between Hispanic and White adolescent girls (gamma = − 0.06, p = 0.93); when living in the same neighborhood Hispanic and White girls had similar levels of inactivity. Black adolescent girls and boys were found to have higher levels of inactivity no matter where they lived (gamma = 7.00, p < 0.001 for girls; gamma = 6.96, p < 0.001 for boys). Hispanic boys had similar patterns of inactivity to White boys (gamma = − 1.57, p = 0.12). In both males and females, the reported rate of violent crime in the neighborhood was associated with inactivity, despite the individual's perception of his/her neighborhood as safe not being predictive.ConclusionsAlthough inactivity varies by race/ethnicity and gender, only in Hispanic adolescent girls does neighborhood fully explain the differential use. Our findings suggest that approaches other than changing neighborhood characteristics are needed to eliminate racial/ethnic disparities in adolescent inactivity.
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