Prolonged maturation of auditory perception and learning in gerbils.
Prolonged maturation of auditory perception and learning in gerbils.
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在沙鼠中，听觉感知和学习的长期成熟。
DOI：
10.1002/dneu.20801
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发表时间：
2010-08
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Sanes, Dan H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sarro, Emma C.;Sanes, Dan H.
在人类中，听觉感知在广泛的年龄范围内达到成熟，一直持续到青春期。尽管这种缓慢的成熟，儿童被认为是优秀的学习者，这表明不成熟的感知技能实际上可能有利于由于训练(感知学习)而提高听觉任务。以前的非人类研究在比较年轻和成熟受试者的知觉表现时并没有采用相同的任务，这使得评估学习变得困难。在这里，我们在幼年和成年沙土鼠身上使用了相同的程序来检查幅度调制(AM)的知觉，这是大多数自然声音的重要组成部分。平均而言，成年动物可以检测到比青少年更小的幅度波动(即更小的调制深度)，这表明青少年的感知技能还不成熟。然而，幼年的种群差异要大得多，少数动物表现出成体样的AM检测。为了确定不成熟的感知技能是否促进了学习，我们将AM检测任务中的幼稚表现与额外培训后的改善量进行了比较。成年人的进步程度与天真表现相关：表现最差的天真表现的人进步最大。相比之下，青少年的天真表现并不能预测学习的数量。那些AM检测阈值不成熟的青少年并没有表现出比成年人更好的学习能力。此外，对于几个具有类似成人阈值的青少年来说，AM检测随着重复测试而恶化。因此，幼年动物不成熟的感知技能与更大的学习能力无关。
In humans, auditory perception reaches maturity over a broad age range, extending through adolescence. Despite this slow maturation, children are considered to be outstanding learners, suggesting that immature perceptual skills might actually be advantageous to improvement on an acoustic task as a result of training (perceptual learning). Previous non-human studies have not employed an identical task when comparing perceptual performance of young and mature subjects, making it difficult to assess learning. Here, we used an identical procedure on juvenile and adult gerbils to examine the perception of amplitude modulation (AM), a stimulus feature that is an important component of most natural sounds. On average, Adult animals could detect smaller fluctuations in amplitude (i.e. smaller modulation depths) than Juveniles, indicating immature perceptual skills in Juveniles. However, the population variance was much greater for Juveniles, a few animals displaying adult-like AM detection. To determine whether immature perceptual skills facilitated learning, we compared naïve performance on the AM detection task with the amount of improvement following additional training. The amount of improvement in Adults correlated with naïve performance: those with the poorest naïve performance improved the most. In contrast, the naïve performance of Juveniles did not predict the amount of learning. Those Juveniles with immature AM detection thresholds did not display greater learning than Adults. Furthermore, for several of the Juveniles with adult-like thresholds, AM detection deteriorated with repeated testing. Thus, immature perceptual skills in young animals were not associated with greater learning.
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影响因子：
25
作者：
Amitay, Sygal;Irwin, Amy;Moore, David R.
通讯作者：
Moore, David R.
影响因子：
9.8
作者：
Kacelnik O;Nodal FR;Parsons CH;King AJ
通讯作者：
King AJ
DOI：
10.3758/bf03193525
发表时间：
2005-05-01
期刊：
PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
影响因子：
--
作者：
Amitay, S;Hawkey, DJC;Moore, DR
通讯作者：
Moore, DR
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
Halliday, Lorna F.;Taylor, Jenny L.;Moore, David R.
通讯作者：
Moore, David R.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Jacobs, RA;Dominguez, M
通讯作者：
Dominguez, M