Patterns of Multiannual Aggradation of Permafrost in Rock Walls with and Without Hydraulic Interconnectivity (Steintälli, Valley of Zermatt, Swiss Alps)

Patterns of Multiannual Aggradation of Permafrost in Rock Walls with and Without Hydraulic Interconnectivity (Steintälli, Valley of Zermatt, Swiss Alps)
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有和没有水力连通的岩壁中多年冻土的累积模式(Steintälli,采尔马特谷,瑞士阿尔卑斯山)

DOI:
10.1007/978-3-540-75761-0_13
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Krautblatter
Krautblatter
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
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作者:
Krautblatter

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本文显示了两个岩石多年冻土系统的每月,每年和多年的响应与液压互连。据推测,从接近0°C的冰川中渗透出裂隙水的互连系统是高熵系统,在0°C时平衡岩体并防止冷却,但对过度融化无效,因为从水通道到致密岩石的热传导是敏感温度梯度的函数。这是测试使用静态(2005年的冻土分布)和动态(2005-2007年的冻土淤积)性能的两个相邻的北暴露样带相似的几何形状,地质和不连续性模式。样带NW仅受来自岩石表面的热传递的影响。NE断面通过融水渗流与冰川进行水力传热。分析了2005-2007年陡断面(> 60°)的电阻率层析成像(ERT)时间剖面和平均视电阻率-中值勘探深度(AR/DOI)梯度。(i)2005年,在东北断面开发了一个过渡(0°C)电阻率范围(< 20 kΩm)的矿体。NW样带显示有一个直径数米的深度冻结体(> 40 kΩm)。(ii)负的AR/DOI表面梯度表明西北样带的表面湿度对表面冷却(2007年8月13日:-3.3 kΩm/m)和冷脉冲传播有明显的短期响应,而东北样带则有很好的缓冲(2007年8月13日:-0.1 kΩm/m)。(iii)在2005年和2006年凉爽的仲夏条件下,在两个样带开始冻土淤积。在断面西北,ERT显示电阻率增加了70%以上,一个空间加积的永久冻土体和一个新的常年冻结岩体的形成。在过渡体中,NE断面的电阻率增加10-30%。(iv)在西北样带,AR/DOI梯度从2005年8月的5 kΩm/m增加到2007年8月的11 kΩm/m,表明多年冻土的显著沉积和冷却。在NE样带,AR/DOI从2005年8月的0.6 kΩm/m增加到2007年8月的1.0 kΩm/m,但在任何调查深度,渗透率仍然没有显著超过初始冻结范围。两个样带的数据可靠性进行评估的不确定性和相对敏感性图。
This article shows monthly, annual and multiannual response of two rock permafrost systems with and without hydraulic interconnectivity. It is hypothesized, that interconnective systems with cleft water percolation from glacierets close to 0°C are high-entropy systems that balance rock masses at 0°C and prevent cooling but are not effective in excessive melting, as thermal conduction away from water pathways into compact rock is a function of sensitive temperature gradients. This was tested using static (permafrost distribution in 2005) and dynamic (permafrost aggradation 2005–2007) performance of two adjacent north-exposed transects with similar geometries, geology and discontinuity patterns. Transect NW is only affected by heat transfer from the rock surface. Transect NE conducts hydraulic heat transfer with glacierets by meltwater seepage. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) time-sections and mean apparent resistivity – median depth of investigation (AR/DOI) gradients of steep sections (> 60°) were analysed from 2005–2007. (i) In 2005, a body in a transitory (0°C) resistivity range (< 20 kΩm) was developed in Transect NE. Transect NW indicated a deeply frozen body (> 40 kΩm) of several meters diameter. (ii) Negative AR/DOI surface gradients indicate a pronounced short-term response of surface resistivities in Transect NW to surface chilling (August 13, 2007: –3.3 kΩm/m) and cool pulse propagation whereas Transect NE is well buffered (August 13, 2007: –0.1 kΩm/m). (iii) Cool mid-summer conditions in 2005 and 2006 initiated permafrost aggradation in both transects. In Transect NW, ERT displays resistivity increases by more than 70%, a spatially aggrading permafrost body and the formation of a new perennially frozen rock body. Resistivity in Transect NE increases 10–30% in the transitory body. (iv) In Transect NW, the AR/DOI gradient increased from 5 kΩm/m in August 2005 to 11 kΩm/m in August 2007, indicating significant permafrost aggradation and cooling. In Transect NE, AR/DOI increased from 0.6 kΩm/m in August 2005 to 1.0 kΩm/m in August 2007 but resistivities still do not exceed the initial freezing range significantly at any depth of investigation. Data reliability of both transects is assessed in terms of uncertainty and relative sensitivity plots.
DOI: 10.1190/1.1442728
发表时间: 1989
期刊: Geophysics
影响因子: 3.3
作者:
R. Barker
通讯作者: R. Barker
冰冻圈系统:冰川和永久冻土
DOI: 10.1144/gsl.sp.2005.242
发表时间: 2005
影响因子: 5
作者:
C. Harris;J. Murton
通讯作者: J. Murton
DOI: --
发表时间: 1992
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
W. Haeberli
通讯作者: W. Haeberli